ETH Price: $2,563.39 (+2.15%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
22859655 at Jul-06-2025 10:45:59 AM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.00003598310208688 ETH $0.09
Gas Used:
123,184 Gas / 0.29210857 Gwei

Emitted Events:

350 TransparentUpgradeableProxy.0x20af7f3bbfe38132b8900ae295cd9c8d1914be7052d061a511f3f728dab18964( 0x20af7f3bbfe38132b8900ae295cd9c8d1914be7052d061a511f3f728dab18964, 0x000000000000000000000000d9624c4bd7c76b152de7e155454799c4bbd09eff, 0x000000000000000000000000d9624c4bd7c76b152de7e155454799c4bbd09eff, 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000005333 )
351 TransparentUpgradeableProxy.0x2d9d115ef3e4a606d698913b1eae831a3cdfe20d9a83d48007b0526749c3d466( 0x2d9d115ef3e4a606d698913b1eae831a3cdfe20d9a83d48007b0526749c3d466, 0x0000000000000000000000000b9857ae2d4a3dbe74ffe1d7df045bb7f96e4840, 0x000000000000000000000000d9624c4bd7c76b152de7e155454799c4bbd09eff, 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000025729a50f99c0, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
0x0B9857ae...7F96E4840
(Arbitrum: Outbox 4)
(Titan Builder)
20.778750379120478524 Eth20.778751959555554156 Eth0.000001580435075632
0x8315177a...4DBd7ed3a
(Arbitrum: Bridge)
940,310.896599628921625261 Eth940,310.895940842593665261 Eth0.00065878632796
0xb34FD47b...f4796c758
0.009999117569412681 Eth
Nonce: 92
0.010621920795285801 Eth
Nonce: 93
0.00062280322587312
0xd9624C4b...4BbD09eFF From: 22892027200963896143875287824492854295996611707088298155 To: 22892027495615468067077180662638546243058072622025339374

Execution Trace

0xd9624c4bd7c76b152de7e155454799c4bbd09eff.bc6e461a( )
  • TransparentUpgradeableProxy.08635a95( )
    • Outbox.executeTransaction( )
      • TransparentUpgradeableProxy.9e5d4c49( )
        • Bridge.executeCall( to=0xd9624C4bd7c76b152de7e155454799C4BbD09eFF, value=658786327960000, data=0x ) => ( success=True, returnData=0x )
          • ETH 0.00065878632796 0xd9624c4bd7c76b152de7e155454799c4bbd09eff.CALL( )
            • ETH 0.00065878632796 0xb34fd47bdc979c311830f8162aeda26f4796c758.CALL( )
            • 0xb34fd47bdc979c311830f8162aeda26f4796c758.CALL( )
              File 1 of 4: TransparentUpgradeableProxy
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/transparent/TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import "../ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This contract implements a proxy that is upgradeable by an admin.
               *
               * To avoid https://medium.com/nomic-labs-blog/malicious-backdoors-in-ethereum-proxies-62629adf3357[proxy selector
               * clashing], which can potentially be used in an attack, this contract uses the
               * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/the-transparent-proxy-pattern/[transparent proxy pattern]. This pattern implies two
               * things that go hand in hand:
               *
               * 1. If any account other than the admin calls the proxy, the call will be forwarded to the implementation, even if
               * that call matches one of the admin functions exposed by the proxy itself.
               * 2. If the admin calls the proxy, it can access the admin functions, but its calls will never be forwarded to the
               * implementation. If the admin tries to call a function on the implementation it will fail with an error that says
               * "admin cannot fallback to proxy target".
               *
               * These properties mean that the admin account can only be used for admin actions like upgrading the proxy or changing
               * the admin, so it's best if it's a dedicated account that is not used for anything else. This will avoid headaches due
               * to sudden errors when trying to call a function from the proxy implementation.
               *
               * Our recommendation is for the dedicated account to be an instance of the {ProxyAdmin} contract. If set up this way,
               * you should think of the `ProxyAdmin` instance as the real administrative interface of your proxy.
               */
              contract TransparentUpgradeableProxy is ERC1967Proxy {
                  /**
                   * @dev Initializes an upgradeable proxy managed by `_admin`, backed by the implementation at `_logic`, and
                   * optionally initialized with `_data` as explained in {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
                   */
                  constructor(
                      address _logic,
                      address admin_,
                      bytes memory _data
                  ) payable ERC1967Proxy(_logic, _data) {
                      assert(_ADMIN_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.proxy.admin")) - 1));
                      _changeAdmin(admin_);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Modifier used internally that will delegate the call to the implementation unless the sender is the admin.
                   */
                  modifier ifAdmin() {
                      if (msg.sender == _getAdmin()) {
                          _;
                      } else {
                          _fallback();
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current admin.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-getProxyAdmin}.
                   *
                   * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
                   * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
                   * `0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103`
                   */
                  function admin() external ifAdmin returns (address admin_) {
                      admin_ = _getAdmin();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current implementation.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-getProxyImplementation}.
                   *
                   * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
                   * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
                   * `0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc`
                   */
                  function implementation() external ifAdmin returns (address implementation_) {
                      implementation_ = _implementation();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
                   *
                   * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-changeProxyAdmin}.
                   */
                  function changeAdmin(address newAdmin) external virtual ifAdmin {
                      _changeAdmin(newAdmin);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-upgrade}.
                   */
                  function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) external ifAdmin {
                      _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, bytes(""), false);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy, and then call a function from the new implementation as specified
                   * by `data`, which should be an encoded function call. This is useful to initialize new storage variables in the
                   * proxied contract.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-upgradeAndCall}.
                   */
                  function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes calldata data) external payable ifAdmin {
                      _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, true);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current admin.
                   */
                  function _admin() internal view virtual returns (address) {
                      return _getAdmin();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Makes sure the admin cannot access the fallback function. See {Proxy-_beforeFallback}.
                   */
                  function _beforeFallback() internal virtual override {
                      require(msg.sender != _getAdmin(), "TransparentUpgradeableProxy: admin cannot fallback to proxy target");
                      super._beforeFallback();
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import "../Proxy.sol";
              import "./ERC1967Upgrade.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
               * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
               * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
               * implementation behind the proxy.
               */
              contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy, ERC1967Upgrade {
                  /**
                   * @dev Initializes the upgradeable proxy with an initial implementation specified by `_logic`.
                   *
                   * If `_data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to `_logic`. This will typically be an encoded
                   * function call, and allows initializating the storage of the proxy like a Solidity constructor.
                   */
                  constructor(address _logic, bytes memory _data) payable {
                      assert(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.proxy.implementation")) - 1));
                      _upgradeToAndCall(_logic, _data, false);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
                   */
                  function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address impl) {
                      return ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation();
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
               * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
               * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
               *
               * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
               * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
               *
               * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
               */
              abstract contract Proxy {
                  /**
                   * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
                   *
                   * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
                   */
                  function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
                      assembly {
                          // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
                          // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
                          // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
                          calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
                          // Call the implementation.
                          // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
                          let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
                          // Copy the returned data.
                          returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
                          switch result
                          // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
                          case 0 {
                              revert(0, returndatasize())
                          }
                          default {
                              return(0, returndatasize())
                          }
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overriden so it returns the address to which the fallback function
                   * and {_fallback} should delegate.
                   */
                  function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);
                  /**
                   * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
                   *
                   * This function does not return to its internall call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
                   */
                  function _fallback() internal virtual {
                      _beforeFallback();
                      _delegate(_implementation());
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
                   * function in the contract matches the call data.
                   */
                  fallback() external payable virtual {
                      _fallback();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if call data
                   * is empty.
                   */
                  receive() external payable virtual {
                      _fallback();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Hook that is called before falling back to the implementation. Can happen as part of a manual `_fallback`
                   * call, or as part of the Solidity `fallback` or `receive` functions.
                   *
                   * If overriden should call `super._beforeFallback()`.
                   */
                  function _beforeFallback() internal virtual {}
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.2;
              import "../beacon/IBeacon.sol";
              import "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol";
              import "../../utils/Address.sol";
              import "../../utils/StorageSlot.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
               * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
               *
               * _Available since v4.1._
               *
               * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall
               */
              abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade {
                  // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
                  bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;
                  /**
                   * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
                   * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
                   * validated in the constructor.
                   */
                  bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
                   */
                  event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
                   */
                  function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
                      return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
                   */
                  function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
                      require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
                      StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
                   *
                   * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
                      _setImplementation(newImplementation);
                      emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
                   *
                   * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeToAndCall(
                      address newImplementation,
                      bytes memory data,
                      bool forceCall
                  ) internal {
                      _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
                      if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                          Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
                   *
                   * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(
                      address newImplementation,
                      bytes memory data,
                      bool forceCall
                  ) internal {
                      // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
                      // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
                      // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
                      if (StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
                          _setImplementation(newImplementation);
                      } else {
                          try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                              require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
                          } catch {
                              revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
                          }
                          _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
                   * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
                   * validated in the constructor.
                   */
                  bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
                   */
                  event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current admin.
                   */
                  function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
                      return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
                   */
                  function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
                      require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
                      StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
                   *
                   * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
                   */
                  function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
                      emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
                      _setAdmin(newAdmin);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
                   * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
                   */
                  bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when the beacon is upgraded.
                   */
                  event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current beacon.
                   */
                  function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
                      return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
                   */
                  function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
                      require(Address.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
                      require(
                          Address.isContract(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation()),
                          "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
                      );
                      StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
                   * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
                   *
                   * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(
                      address newBeacon,
                      bytes memory data,
                      bool forceCall
                  ) internal {
                      _setBeacon(newBeacon);
                      emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
                      if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                          Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
               */
              interface IBeacon {
                  /**
                   * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
                   *
                   * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
                   */
                  function implementation() external view returns (address);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
               * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
               */
              interface IERC1822Proxiable {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
                   * address.
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
                   * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
                   * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
                   */
                  function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (utils/Address.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
              /**
               * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
               */
              library Address {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
                   * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
                   *
                   * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
                   * types of addresses:
                   *
                   *  - an externally-owned account
                   *  - a contract in construction
                   *  - an address where a contract will be created
                   *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
                   * ====
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
                   *
                   * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
                   * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
                   * constructor.
                   * ====
                   */
                  function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
                      // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
                      // of the constructor execution.
                      return account.code.length > 0;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
                   * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
                   *
                   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
                   * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
                   * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
                   * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
                   *
                   * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
                   * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
                   * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
                   * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
                   */
                  function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                      require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                      (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                      require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
                   * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
                   * function instead.
                   *
                   * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
                   * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
                   *
                   * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
                   * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - `target` must be a contract.
                   * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
                   * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
                   * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
                   * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a delegate call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.4._
                   */
                  function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a delegate call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.4._
                   */
                  function functionDelegateCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
                   * revert reason using the provided one.
                   *
                   * _Available since v4.3._
                   */
                  function verifyCallResult(
                      bool success,
                      bytes memory returndata,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                      if (success) {
                          return returndata;
                      } else {
                          // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                          if (returndata.length > 0) {
                              // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                              assembly {
                                  let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                  revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                              }
                          } else {
                              revert(errorMessage);
                          }
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
               *
               * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
               * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
               *
               * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
               *
               * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
               * ```
               * contract ERC1967 {
               *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
               *
               *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
               *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
               *     }
               *
               *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
               *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
               *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
               *     }
               * }
               * ```
               *
               * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, and `uint256`._
               */
              library StorageSlot {
                  struct AddressSlot {
                      address value;
                  }
                  struct BooleanSlot {
                      bool value;
                  }
                  struct Bytes32Slot {
                      bytes32 value;
                  }
                  struct Uint256Slot {
                      uint256 value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
              }
              

              File 2 of 4: TransparentUpgradeableProxy
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/transparent/TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import "../ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This contract implements a proxy that is upgradeable by an admin.
               *
               * To avoid https://medium.com/nomic-labs-blog/malicious-backdoors-in-ethereum-proxies-62629adf3357[proxy selector
               * clashing], which can potentially be used in an attack, this contract uses the
               * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/the-transparent-proxy-pattern/[transparent proxy pattern]. This pattern implies two
               * things that go hand in hand:
               *
               * 1. If any account other than the admin calls the proxy, the call will be forwarded to the implementation, even if
               * that call matches one of the admin functions exposed by the proxy itself.
               * 2. If the admin calls the proxy, it can access the admin functions, but its calls will never be forwarded to the
               * implementation. If the admin tries to call a function on the implementation it will fail with an error that says
               * "admin cannot fallback to proxy target".
               *
               * These properties mean that the admin account can only be used for admin actions like upgrading the proxy or changing
               * the admin, so it's best if it's a dedicated account that is not used for anything else. This will avoid headaches due
               * to sudden errors when trying to call a function from the proxy implementation.
               *
               * Our recommendation is for the dedicated account to be an instance of the {ProxyAdmin} contract. If set up this way,
               * you should think of the `ProxyAdmin` instance as the real administrative interface of your proxy.
               */
              contract TransparentUpgradeableProxy is ERC1967Proxy {
                  /**
                   * @dev Initializes an upgradeable proxy managed by `_admin`, backed by the implementation at `_logic`, and
                   * optionally initialized with `_data` as explained in {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
                   */
                  constructor(
                      address _logic,
                      address admin_,
                      bytes memory _data
                  ) payable ERC1967Proxy(_logic, _data) {
                      assert(_ADMIN_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.proxy.admin")) - 1));
                      _changeAdmin(admin_);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Modifier used internally that will delegate the call to the implementation unless the sender is the admin.
                   */
                  modifier ifAdmin() {
                      if (msg.sender == _getAdmin()) {
                          _;
                      } else {
                          _fallback();
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current admin.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-getProxyAdmin}.
                   *
                   * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
                   * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
                   * `0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103`
                   */
                  function admin() external ifAdmin returns (address admin_) {
                      admin_ = _getAdmin();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current implementation.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-getProxyImplementation}.
                   *
                   * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using the
                   * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
                   * `0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc`
                   */
                  function implementation() external ifAdmin returns (address implementation_) {
                      implementation_ = _implementation();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
                   *
                   * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-changeProxyAdmin}.
                   */
                  function changeAdmin(address newAdmin) external virtual ifAdmin {
                      _changeAdmin(newAdmin);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-upgrade}.
                   */
                  function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) external ifAdmin {
                      _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, bytes(""), false);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy, and then call a function from the new implementation as specified
                   * by `data`, which should be an encoded function call. This is useful to initialize new storage variables in the
                   * proxied contract.
                   *
                   * NOTE: Only the admin can call this function. See {ProxyAdmin-upgradeAndCall}.
                   */
                  function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes calldata data) external payable ifAdmin {
                      _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, true);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current admin.
                   */
                  function _admin() internal view virtual returns (address) {
                      return _getAdmin();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Makes sure the admin cannot access the fallback function. See {Proxy-_beforeFallback}.
                   */
                  function _beforeFallback() internal virtual override {
                      require(msg.sender != _getAdmin(), "TransparentUpgradeableProxy: admin cannot fallback to proxy target");
                      super._beforeFallback();
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import "../Proxy.sol";
              import "./ERC1967Upgrade.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
               * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
               * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
               * implementation behind the proxy.
               */
              contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy, ERC1967Upgrade {
                  /**
                   * @dev Initializes the upgradeable proxy with an initial implementation specified by `_logic`.
                   *
                   * If `_data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to `_logic`. This will typically be an encoded
                   * function call, and allows initializating the storage of the proxy like a Solidity constructor.
                   */
                  constructor(address _logic, bytes memory _data) payable {
                      assert(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.proxy.implementation")) - 1));
                      _upgradeToAndCall(_logic, _data, false);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
                   */
                  function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address impl) {
                      return ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation();
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
               * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
               * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
               *
               * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
               * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
               *
               * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
               */
              abstract contract Proxy {
                  /**
                   * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
                   *
                   * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
                   */
                  function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
                      assembly {
                          // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
                          // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
                          // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
                          calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
                          // Call the implementation.
                          // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
                          let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
                          // Copy the returned data.
                          returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
                          switch result
                          // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
                          case 0 {
                              revert(0, returndatasize())
                          }
                          default {
                              return(0, returndatasize())
                          }
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overriden so it returns the address to which the fallback function
                   * and {_fallback} should delegate.
                   */
                  function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);
                  /**
                   * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
                   *
                   * This function does not return to its internall call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
                   */
                  function _fallback() internal virtual {
                      _beforeFallback();
                      _delegate(_implementation());
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
                   * function in the contract matches the call data.
                   */
                  fallback() external payable virtual {
                      _fallback();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if call data
                   * is empty.
                   */
                  receive() external payable virtual {
                      _fallback();
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Hook that is called before falling back to the implementation. Can happen as part of a manual `_fallback`
                   * call, or as part of the Solidity `fallback` or `receive` functions.
                   *
                   * If overriden should call `super._beforeFallback()`.
                   */
                  function _beforeFallback() internal virtual {}
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.2;
              import "../beacon/IBeacon.sol";
              import "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol";
              import "../../utils/Address.sol";
              import "../../utils/StorageSlot.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
               * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
               *
               * _Available since v4.1._
               *
               * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall
               */
              abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade {
                  // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
                  bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;
                  /**
                   * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
                   * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
                   * validated in the constructor.
                   */
                  bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
                   */
                  event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
                   */
                  function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
                      return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
                   */
                  function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
                      require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
                      StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
                   *
                   * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
                      _setImplementation(newImplementation);
                      emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
                   *
                   * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeToAndCall(
                      address newImplementation,
                      bytes memory data,
                      bool forceCall
                  ) internal {
                      _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
                      if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                          Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
                   *
                   * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(
                      address newImplementation,
                      bytes memory data,
                      bool forceCall
                  ) internal {
                      // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
                      // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
                      // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
                      if (StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
                          _setImplementation(newImplementation);
                      } else {
                          try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                              require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
                          } catch {
                              revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
                          }
                          _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
                   * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
                   * validated in the constructor.
                   */
                  bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
                   */
                  event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current admin.
                   */
                  function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
                      return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
                   */
                  function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
                      require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
                      StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
                   *
                   * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
                   */
                  function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
                      emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
                      _setAdmin(newAdmin);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
                   * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
                   */
                  bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when the beacon is upgraded.
                   */
                  event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current beacon.
                   */
                  function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
                      return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
                   */
                  function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
                      require(Address.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
                      require(
                          Address.isContract(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation()),
                          "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
                      );
                      StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
                   * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
                   *
                   * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
                   */
                  function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(
                      address newBeacon,
                      bytes memory data,
                      bool forceCall
                  ) internal {
                      _setBeacon(newBeacon);
                      emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
                      if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                          Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
               */
              interface IBeacon {
                  /**
                   * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
                   *
                   * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
                   */
                  function implementation() external view returns (address);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
               * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
               */
              interface IERC1822Proxiable {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
                   * address.
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
                   * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
                   * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
                   */
                  function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (utils/Address.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
              /**
               * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
               */
              library Address {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
                   * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
                   *
                   * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
                   * types of addresses:
                   *
                   *  - an externally-owned account
                   *  - a contract in construction
                   *  - an address where a contract will be created
                   *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
                   * ====
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
                   *
                   * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
                   * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
                   * constructor.
                   * ====
                   */
                  function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
                      // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
                      // of the constructor execution.
                      return account.code.length > 0;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
                   * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
                   *
                   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
                   * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
                   * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
                   * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
                   *
                   * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
                   * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
                   * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
                   * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
                   */
                  function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                      require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                      (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                      require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
                   * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
                   * function instead.
                   *
                   * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
                   * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
                   *
                   * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
                   * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - `target` must be a contract.
                   * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
                   * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
                   * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
                   * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a delegate call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.4._
                   */
                  function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a delegate call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.4._
                   */
                  function functionDelegateCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
                   * revert reason using the provided one.
                   *
                   * _Available since v4.3._
                   */
                  function verifyCallResult(
                      bool success,
                      bytes memory returndata,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                      if (success) {
                          return returndata;
                      } else {
                          // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                          if (returndata.length > 0) {
                              // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                              assembly {
                                  let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                  revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                              }
                          } else {
                              revert(errorMessage);
                          }
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
               *
               * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
               * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
               *
               * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
               *
               * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
               * ```
               * contract ERC1967 {
               *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
               *
               *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
               *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
               *     }
               *
               *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
               *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
               *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
               *     }
               * }
               * ```
               *
               * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, and `uint256`._
               */
              library StorageSlot {
                  struct AddressSlot {
                      address value;
                  }
                  struct BooleanSlot {
                      bool value;
                  }
                  struct Bytes32Slot {
                      bytes32 value;
                  }
                  struct Uint256Slot {
                      uint256 value;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
                   */
                  function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
                      assembly {
                          r.slot := slot
                      }
                  }
              }
              

              File 3 of 4: Outbox
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              import {
                  AlreadyInit,
                  NotRollup,
                  ProofTooLong,
                  PathNotMinimal,
                  UnknownRoot,
                  AlreadySpent,
                  BridgeCallFailed,
                  HadZeroInit,
                  BadPostUpgradeInit,
                  RollupNotChanged
              } from "../libraries/Error.sol";
              import "./IBridge.sol";
              import "./IOutbox.sol";
              import "../libraries/MerkleLib.sol";
              import "../libraries/DelegateCallAware.sol";
              /// @dev this error is thrown since certain functions are only expected to be used in simulations, not in actual txs
              error SimulationOnlyEntrypoint();
              abstract contract AbsOutbox is DelegateCallAware, IOutbox {
                  address public rollup; // the rollup contract
                  IBridge public bridge; // the bridge contract
                  mapping(uint256 => bytes32) public spent; // packed spent bitmap
                  mapping(bytes32 => bytes32) public roots; // maps root hashes => L2 block hash
                  // we're packing this struct into 4 storage slots
                  // 1st slot: timestamp, l2Block (128 bits each, max ~3.4*10^38)
                  // 2nd slot: outputId (256 bits)
                  // 3rd slot: l1Block (96 bits, max ~7.9*10^28), sender (address 160 bits)
                  // 4th slot: withdrawalAmount (256 bits)
                  struct L2ToL1Context {
                      uint128 l2Block;
                      uint128 timestamp;
                      bytes32 outputId;
                      address sender;
                      uint96 l1Block;
                      uint256 withdrawalAmount;
                  }
                  // Note, these variables are set and then wiped during a single transaction.
                  // Therefore their values don't need to be maintained, and their slots will
                  // hold default values (which are interpreted as empty values) outside of transactions
                  L2ToL1Context internal context;
                  // default context values to be used in storage instead of zero, to save on storage refunds
                  // it is assumed that arb-os never assigns these values to a valid leaf to be redeemed
                  uint128 private constant L2BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT = type(uint128).max;
                  uint96 private constant L1BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT = type(uint96).max;
                  uint128 private constant TIMESTAMP_DEFAULT_CONTEXT = type(uint128).max;
                  bytes32 private constant OUTPUTID_DEFAULT_CONTEXT = bytes32(type(uint256).max);
                  address private constant SENDER_DEFAULT_CONTEXT = address(type(uint160).max);
                  uint128 public constant OUTBOX_VERSION = 2;
                  function initialize(
                      IBridge _bridge
                  ) external onlyDelegated {
                      if (address(_bridge) == address(0)) revert HadZeroInit();
                      if (address(bridge) != address(0)) revert AlreadyInit();
                      // address zero is returned if no context is set, but the values used in storage
                      // are non-zero to save users some gas (as storage refunds are usually maxed out)
                      // EIP-1153 would help here
                      context = L2ToL1Context({
                          l2Block: L2BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          l1Block: L1BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          timestamp: TIMESTAMP_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          outputId: OUTPUTID_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          sender: SENDER_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          withdrawalAmount: _defaultContextAmount()
                      });
                      bridge = _bridge;
                      rollup = address(_bridge.rollup());
                  }
                  function postUpgradeInit() external onlyDelegated onlyProxyOwner {
                      // prevent postUpgradeInit within a withdrawal
                      if (context.l2Block != L2BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT) revert BadPostUpgradeInit();
                      context = L2ToL1Context({
                          l2Block: L2BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          l1Block: L1BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          timestamp: TIMESTAMP_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          outputId: OUTPUTID_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          sender: SENDER_DEFAULT_CONTEXT,
                          withdrawalAmount: _defaultContextAmount()
                      });
                  }
                  /// @notice Allows the rollup owner to sync the rollup address
                  function updateRollupAddress() external {
                      if (msg.sender != IOwnable(rollup).owner()) {
                          revert NotOwner(msg.sender, IOwnable(rollup).owner());
                      }
                      address newRollup = address(bridge.rollup());
                      if (rollup == newRollup) revert RollupNotChanged();
                      rollup = newRollup;
                  }
                  function updateSendRoot(bytes32 root, bytes32 l2BlockHash) external {
                      if (msg.sender != rollup) revert NotRollup(msg.sender, rollup);
                      roots[root] = l2BlockHash;
                      emit SendRootUpdated(root, l2BlockHash);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function l2ToL1Sender() external view returns (address) {
                      address sender = context.sender;
                      // we don't return the default context value to avoid a breaking change in the API
                      if (sender == SENDER_DEFAULT_CONTEXT) return address(0);
                      return sender;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function l2ToL1Block() external view returns (uint256) {
                      uint128 l2Block = context.l2Block;
                      // we don't return the default context value to avoid a breaking change in the API
                      if (l2Block == L2BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT) return uint256(0);
                      return uint256(l2Block);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function l2ToL1EthBlock() external view returns (uint256) {
                      uint96 l1Block = context.l1Block;
                      // we don't return the default context value to avoid a breaking change in the API
                      if (l1Block == L1BLOCK_DEFAULT_CONTEXT) return uint256(0);
                      return uint256(l1Block);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function l2ToL1Timestamp() external view returns (uint256) {
                      uint128 timestamp = context.timestamp;
                      // we don't return the default context value to avoid a breaking change in the API
                      if (timestamp == TIMESTAMP_DEFAULT_CONTEXT) return uint256(0);
                      return uint256(timestamp);
                  }
                  /// @notice batch number is deprecated and now always returns 0
                  function l2ToL1BatchNum() external pure returns (uint256) {
                      return 0;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function l2ToL1OutputId() external view returns (bytes32) {
                      bytes32 outputId = context.outputId;
                      // we don't return the default context value to avoid a breaking change in the API
                      if (outputId == OUTPUTID_DEFAULT_CONTEXT) return bytes32(0);
                      return outputId;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function executeTransaction(
                      bytes32[] calldata proof,
                      uint256 index,
                      address l2Sender,
                      address to,
                      uint256 l2Block,
                      uint256 l1Block,
                      uint256 l2Timestamp,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external {
                      bytes32 userTx = calculateItemHash(l2Sender, to, l2Block, l1Block, l2Timestamp, value, data);
                      recordOutputAsSpent(proof, index, userTx);
                      executeTransactionImpl(index, l2Sender, to, l2Block, l1Block, l2Timestamp, value, data);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function executeTransactionSimulation(
                      uint256 index,
                      address l2Sender,
                      address to,
                      uint256 l2Block,
                      uint256 l1Block,
                      uint256 l2Timestamp,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external {
                      if (msg.sender != address(0)) revert SimulationOnlyEntrypoint();
                      executeTransactionImpl(index, l2Sender, to, l2Block, l1Block, l2Timestamp, value, data);
                  }
                  function executeTransactionImpl(
                      uint256 outputId,
                      address l2Sender,
                      address to,
                      uint256 l2Block,
                      uint256 l1Block,
                      uint256 l2Timestamp,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) internal {
                      emit OutBoxTransactionExecuted(to, l2Sender, 0, outputId);
                      // get amount to unlock based on provided value. It might differ in case
                      // of native token which uses number of decimals different than 18
                      uint256 amountToUnlock = _getAmountToUnlock(value);
                      // we temporarily store the previous values so the outbox can naturally
                      // unwind itself when there are nested calls to `executeTransaction`
                      L2ToL1Context memory prevContext = context;
                      context = L2ToL1Context({
                          sender: l2Sender,
                          l2Block: uint128(l2Block),
                          l1Block: uint96(l1Block),
                          timestamp: uint128(l2Timestamp),
                          outputId: bytes32(outputId),
                          withdrawalAmount: _amountToSetInContext(amountToUnlock)
                      });
                      // set and reset vars around execution so they remain valid during call
                      executeBridgeCall(to, amountToUnlock, data);
                      context = prevContext;
                  }
                  function _calcSpentIndexOffset(
                      uint256 index
                  ) internal view returns (uint256, uint256, bytes32) {
                      uint256 spentIndex = index / 255; // Note: Reserves the MSB.
                      uint256 bitOffset = index % 255;
                      bytes32 replay = spent[spentIndex];
                      return (spentIndex, bitOffset, replay);
                  }
                  function _isSpent(uint256 bitOffset, bytes32 replay) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return ((replay >> bitOffset) & bytes32(uint256(1))) != bytes32(0);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IOutbox
                  function isSpent(
                      uint256 index
                  ) external view returns (bool) {
                      (, uint256 bitOffset, bytes32 replay) = _calcSpentIndexOffset(index);
                      return _isSpent(bitOffset, replay);
                  }
                  function recordOutputAsSpent(bytes32[] memory proof, uint256 index, bytes32 item) internal {
                      if (proof.length >= 256) revert ProofTooLong(proof.length);
                      if (index >= 2 ** proof.length) revert PathNotMinimal(index, 2 ** proof.length);
                      // Hash the leaf an extra time to prove it's a leaf
                      bytes32 calcRoot = calculateMerkleRoot(proof, index, item);
                      if (roots[calcRoot] == bytes32(0)) revert UnknownRoot(calcRoot);
                      (uint256 spentIndex, uint256 bitOffset, bytes32 replay) = _calcSpentIndexOffset(index);
                      if (_isSpent(bitOffset, replay)) revert AlreadySpent(index);
                      spent[spentIndex] = (replay | bytes32(1 << bitOffset));
                  }
                  function executeBridgeCall(address to, uint256 value, bytes memory data) internal {
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = bridge.executeCall(to, value, data);
                      if (!success) {
                          if (returndata.length > 0) {
                              // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                              assembly {
                                  let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                  revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                              }
                          } else {
                              revert BridgeCallFailed();
                          }
                      }
                  }
                  function calculateItemHash(
                      address l2Sender,
                      address to,
                      uint256 l2Block,
                      uint256 l1Block,
                      uint256 l2Timestamp,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) public pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(l2Sender, to, l2Block, l1Block, l2Timestamp, value, data));
                  }
                  function calculateMerkleRoot(
                      bytes32[] memory proof,
                      uint256 path,
                      bytes32 item
                  ) public pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return MerkleLib.calculateRoot(proof, path, keccak256(abi.encodePacked(item)));
                  }
                  /// @notice default value to be used for 'amount' field in L2ToL1Context outside of transaction execution.
                  /// @return default 'amount' in case of ERC20-based rollup is type(uint256).max, or 0 in case of ETH-based rollup
                  function _defaultContextAmount() internal pure virtual returns (uint256);
                  /// @notice based on provided value, get amount of ETH/token to unlock. In case of ETH-based rollup this amount
                  ///         will always equal the provided value. In case of ERC20-based rollup, amount will be re-adjusted to
                  ///         reflect the number of decimals used by native token, in case it is different than 18.
                  function _getAmountToUnlock(
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal view virtual returns (uint256);
                  /// @notice value to be set for 'amount' field in L2ToL1Context during L2 to L1 transaction execution.
                  ///         In case of ERC20-based rollup this is the amount of native token being withdrawn. In case of standard ETH-based
                  ///         rollup this amount shall always be 0, because amount of ETH being withdrawn can be read from msg.value.
                  /// @return amount of native token being withdrawn in case of ERC20-based rollup, or 0 in case of ETH-based rollup
                  function _amountToSetInContext(
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal pure virtual returns (uint256);
                  /**
                   * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
                   * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
                   * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
                   */
                  uint256[42] private __gap;
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              // solhint-disable-next-line compiler-version
              pragma solidity >=0.6.9 <0.9.0;
              import "./IOwnable.sol";
              interface IBridge {
                  /// @dev This is an instruction to offchain readers to inform them where to look
                  ///      for sequencer inbox batch data. This is not the type of data (eg. das, brotli encoded, or blob versioned hash)
                  ///      and this enum is not used in the state transition function, rather it informs an offchain
                  ///      reader where to find the data so that they can supply it to the replay binary
                  enum BatchDataLocation {
                      /// @notice The data can be found in the transaction call data
                      TxInput,
                      /// @notice The data can be found in an event emitted during the transaction
                      SeparateBatchEvent,
                      /// @notice This batch contains no data
                      NoData,
                      /// @notice The data can be found in the 4844 data blobs on this transaction
                      Blob
                  }
                  struct TimeBounds {
                      uint64 minTimestamp;
                      uint64 maxTimestamp;
                      uint64 minBlockNumber;
                      uint64 maxBlockNumber;
                  }
                  event MessageDelivered(
                      uint256 indexed messageIndex,
                      bytes32 indexed beforeInboxAcc,
                      address inbox,
                      uint8 kind,
                      address sender,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash,
                      uint256 baseFeeL1,
                      uint64 timestamp
                  );
                  event BridgeCallTriggered(
                      address indexed outbox, address indexed to, uint256 value, bytes data
                  );
                  event InboxToggle(address indexed inbox, bool enabled);
                  event OutboxToggle(address indexed outbox, bool enabled);
                  event SequencerInboxUpdated(address newSequencerInbox);
                  event RollupUpdated(address rollup);
                  function allowedDelayedInboxList(
                      uint256
                  ) external returns (address);
                  function allowedOutboxList(
                      uint256
                  ) external returns (address);
                  /// @dev Accumulator for delayed inbox messages; tail represents hash of the current state; each element represents the inclusion of a new message.
                  function delayedInboxAccs(
                      uint256
                  ) external view returns (bytes32);
                  /// @dev Accumulator for sequencer inbox messages; tail represents hash of the current state; each element represents the inclusion of a new message.
                  function sequencerInboxAccs(
                      uint256
                  ) external view returns (bytes32);
                  function rollup() external view returns (IOwnable);
                  function sequencerInbox() external view returns (address);
                  function activeOutbox() external view returns (address);
                  function allowedDelayedInboxes(
                      address inbox
                  ) external view returns (bool);
                  function allowedOutboxes(
                      address outbox
                  ) external view returns (bool);
                  function sequencerReportedSubMessageCount() external view returns (uint256);
                  function executeCall(
                      address to,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external returns (bool success, bytes memory returnData);
                  function delayedMessageCount() external view returns (uint256);
                  function sequencerMessageCount() external view returns (uint256);
                  // ---------- onlySequencerInbox functions ----------
                  function enqueueSequencerMessage(
                      bytes32 dataHash,
                      uint256 afterDelayedMessagesRead,
                      uint256 prevMessageCount,
                      uint256 newMessageCount
                  )
                      external
                      returns (uint256 seqMessageIndex, bytes32 beforeAcc, bytes32 delayedAcc, bytes32 acc);
                  /**
                   * @dev Allows the sequencer inbox to submit a delayed message of the batchPostingReport type
                   *      This is done through a separate function entrypoint instead of allowing the sequencer inbox
                   *      to call `enqueueDelayedMessage` to avoid the gas overhead of an extra SLOAD in either
                   *      every delayed inbox or every sequencer inbox call.
                   */
                  function submitBatchSpendingReport(
                      address batchPoster,
                      bytes32 dataHash
                  ) external returns (uint256 msgNum);
                  // ---------- onlyRollupOrOwner functions ----------
                  function setSequencerInbox(
                      address _sequencerInbox
                  ) external;
                  function setDelayedInbox(address inbox, bool enabled) external;
                  function setOutbox(address inbox, bool enabled) external;
                  function updateRollupAddress(
                      IOwnable _rollup
                  ) external;
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              // solhint-disable-next-line compiler-version
              pragma solidity >=0.6.9 <0.9.0;
              import "./IBridge.sol";
              interface IOutbox {
                  event SendRootUpdated(bytes32 indexed outputRoot, bytes32 indexed l2BlockHash);
                  event OutBoxTransactionExecuted(
                      address indexed to, address indexed l2Sender, uint256 indexed zero, uint256 transactionIndex
                  );
                  function initialize(
                      IBridge _bridge
                  ) external;
                  function rollup() external view returns (address); // the rollup contract
                  function bridge() external view returns (IBridge); // the bridge contract
                  function spent(
                      uint256
                  ) external view returns (bytes32); // packed spent bitmap
                  function roots(
                      bytes32
                  ) external view returns (bytes32); // maps root hashes => L2 block hash
                  // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
                  function OUTBOX_VERSION() external view returns (uint128); // the outbox version
                  function updateSendRoot(bytes32 sendRoot, bytes32 l2BlockHash) external;
                  function updateRollupAddress() external;
                  /// @notice When l2ToL1Sender returns a nonzero address, the message was originated by an L2 account
                  ///         When the return value is zero, that means this is a system message
                  /// @dev the l2ToL1Sender behaves as the tx.origin, the msg.sender should be validated to protect against reentrancies
                  function l2ToL1Sender() external view returns (address);
                  /// @return l2Block return L2 block when the L2 tx was initiated or 0 if no L2 to L1 transaction is active
                  function l2ToL1Block() external view returns (uint256);
                  /// @return l1Block return L1 block when the L2 tx was initiated or 0 if no L2 to L1 transaction is active
                  function l2ToL1EthBlock() external view returns (uint256);
                  /// @return timestamp return L2 timestamp when the L2 tx was initiated or 0 if no L2 to L1 transaction is active
                  function l2ToL1Timestamp() external view returns (uint256);
                  /// @return outputId returns the unique output identifier of the L2 to L1 tx or 0 if no L2 to L1 transaction is active
                  function l2ToL1OutputId() external view returns (bytes32);
                  /**
                   * @notice Executes a messages in an Outbox entry.
                   * @dev Reverts if dispute period hasn't expired, since the outbox entry
                   *      is only created once the rollup confirms the respective assertion.
                   * @dev it is not possible to execute any L2-to-L1 transaction which contains data
                   *      to a contract address without any code (as enforced by the Bridge contract).
                   * @param proof Merkle proof of message inclusion in send root
                   * @param index Merkle path to message
                   * @param l2Sender sender if original message (i.e., caller of ArbSys.sendTxToL1)
                   * @param to destination address for L1 contract call
                   * @param l2Block l2 block number at which sendTxToL1 call was made
                   * @param l1Block l1 block number at which sendTxToL1 call was made
                   * @param l2Timestamp l2 Timestamp at which sendTxToL1 call was made
                   * @param value wei in L1 message
                   * @param data abi-encoded L1 message data
                   */
                  function executeTransaction(
                      bytes32[] calldata proof,
                      uint256 index,
                      address l2Sender,
                      address to,
                      uint256 l2Block,
                      uint256 l1Block,
                      uint256 l2Timestamp,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external;
                  /**
                   *  @dev function used to simulate the result of a particular function call from the outbox
                   *       it is useful for things such as gas estimates. This function includes all costs except for
                   *       proof validation (which can be considered offchain as a somewhat of a fixed cost - it's
                   *       not really a fixed cost, but can be treated as so with a fixed overhead for gas estimation).
                   *       We can't include the cost of proof validation since this is intended to be used to simulate txs
                   *       that are included in yet-to-be confirmed merkle roots. The simulation entrypoint could instead pretend
                   *       to confirm a pending merkle root, but that would be less practical for integrating with tooling.
                   *       It is only possible to trigger it when the msg sender is address zero, which should be impossible
                   *       unless under simulation in an eth_call or eth_estimateGas
                   */
                  function executeTransactionSimulation(
                      uint256 index,
                      address l2Sender,
                      address to,
                      uint256 l2Block,
                      uint256 l1Block,
                      uint256 l2Timestamp,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external;
                  /**
                   * @param index Merkle path to message
                   * @return true if the message has been spent
                   */
                  function isSpent(
                      uint256 index
                  ) external view returns (bool);
                  function calculateItemHash(
                      address l2Sender,
                      address to,
                      uint256 l2Block,
                      uint256 l1Block,
                      uint256 l2Timestamp,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external pure returns (bytes32);
                  function calculateMerkleRoot(
                      bytes32[] memory proof,
                      uint256 path,
                      bytes32 item
                  ) external pure returns (bytes32);
                  /**
                   * @dev function to be called one time during the outbox upgrade process
                   *      this is used to fix the storage slots
                   */
                  function postUpgradeInit() external;
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              // solhint-disable-next-line compiler-version
              pragma solidity >=0.4.21 <0.9.0;
              interface IOwnable {
                  function owner() external view returns (address);
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              import "./AbsOutbox.sol";
              contract Outbox is AbsOutbox {
                  /// @inheritdoc AbsOutbox
                  function _defaultContextAmount() internal pure override returns (uint256) {
                      // In ETH-based chains withdrawal amount can be read from msg.value. For that reason
                      // amount slot in context will never be accessed and it has 0 default value
                      return 0;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc AbsOutbox
                  function _getAmountToUnlock(
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal pure override returns (uint256) {
                      return value;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc AbsOutbox
                  function _amountToSetInContext(
                      uint256
                  ) internal pure override returns (uint256) {
                      // In ETH-based chains withdrawal amount can be read from msg.value. For that reason
                      // amount slot in context will never be accessed, we keep it as 0 all the time
                      return 0;
                  }
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import {NotOwner} from "./Error.sol";
              /// @dev A stateless contract that allows you to infer if the current call has been delegated or not
              /// Pattern used here is from UUPS implementation by the OpenZeppelin team
              abstract contract DelegateCallAware {
                  address private immutable __self = address(this);
                  /**
                   * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
                   * callable on the proxy contract but not on the logic contract.
                   */
                  modifier onlyDelegated() {
                      require(address(this) != __self, "Function must be called through delegatecall");
                      _;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
                   * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
                   */
                  modifier notDelegated() {
                      require(address(this) == __self, "Function must not be called through delegatecall");
                      _;
                  }
                  /// @dev Check that msg.sender is the current EIP 1967 proxy admin
                  modifier onlyProxyOwner() {
                      // Storage slot with the admin of the proxy contract
                      // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1
                      bytes32 slot = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;
                      address admin;
                      assembly {
                          admin := sload(slot)
                      }
                      if (msg.sender != admin) revert NotOwner(msg.sender, admin);
                      _;
                  }
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              /// @dev Init was already called
              error AlreadyInit();
              /// @dev Init was called with param set to zero that must be nonzero
              error HadZeroInit();
              /// @dev Thrown when post upgrade init validation fails
              error BadPostUpgradeInit();
              /// @dev Thrown when the caller is not a codeless origin
              error NotCodelessOrigin();
              /// @dev Thrown when non owner tries to access an only-owner function
              /// @param sender The msg.sender who is not the owner
              /// @param owner The owner address
              error NotOwner(address sender, address owner);
              /// @dev Thrown when an address that is not the rollup tries to call an only-rollup function
              /// @param sender The sender who is not the rollup
              /// @param rollup The rollup address authorized to call this function
              error NotRollup(address sender, address rollup);
              /// @dev Thrown when the contract was not called directly from the origin ie msg.sender != tx.origin
              error NotOrigin();
              /// @dev Provided data was too large
              /// @param dataLength The length of the data that is too large
              /// @param maxDataLength The max length the data can be
              error DataTooLarge(uint256 dataLength, uint256 maxDataLength);
              /// @dev The provided is not a contract and was expected to be
              /// @param addr The adddress in question
              error NotContract(address addr);
              /// @dev The merkle proof provided was too long
              /// @param actualLength The length of the merkle proof provided
              /// @param maxProofLength The max length a merkle proof can have
              error MerkleProofTooLong(uint256 actualLength, uint256 maxProofLength);
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an admin function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              /// @param rollup The rollup, which would be authorized
              /// @param owner The rollup's owner, which would be authorized
              error NotRollupOrOwner(address sender, address rollup, address owner);
              // Bridge Errors
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an only-inbox function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              error NotDelayedInbox(address sender);
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an only-sequencer-inbox function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              error NotSequencerInbox(address sender);
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an only-outbox function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              error NotOutbox(address sender);
              /// @dev the provided outbox address isn't valid
              /// @param outbox address of outbox being set
              error InvalidOutboxSet(address outbox);
              /// @dev The provided token address isn't valid
              /// @param token address of token being set
              error InvalidTokenSet(address token);
              /// @dev Call to this specific address is not allowed
              /// @param target address of the call receiver
              error CallTargetNotAllowed(address target);
              /// @dev Call that changes the balance of ERC20Bridge is not allowed
              error CallNotAllowed();
              // Inbox Errors
              /// @dev msg.value sent to the inbox isn't high enough
              error InsufficientValue(uint256 expected, uint256 actual);
              /// @dev submission cost provided isn't enough to create retryable ticket
              error InsufficientSubmissionCost(uint256 expected, uint256 actual);
              /// @dev address not allowed to interact with the given contract
              error NotAllowedOrigin(address origin);
              /// @dev used to convey retryable tx data in eth calls without requiring a tx trace
              /// this follows a pattern similar to EIP-3668 where reverts surface call information
              error RetryableData(
                  address from,
                  address to,
                  uint256 l2CallValue,
                  uint256 deposit,
                  uint256 maxSubmissionCost,
                  address excessFeeRefundAddress,
                  address callValueRefundAddress,
                  uint256 gasLimit,
                  uint256 maxFeePerGas,
                  bytes data
              );
              /// @dev Thrown when a L1 chainId fork is detected
              error L1Forked();
              /// @dev Thrown when a L1 chainId fork is not detected
              error NotForked();
              /// @dev The provided gasLimit is larger than uint64
              error GasLimitTooLarge();
              /// @dev The provided amount cannot be adjusted to 18 decimals due to overflow
              error AmountTooLarge(uint256 amount);
              /// @dev Number of native token's decimals is restricted to enable conversions to 18 decimals
              error NativeTokenDecimalsTooLarge(uint256 decimals);
              // Outbox Errors
              /// @dev The provided proof was too long
              /// @param proofLength The length of the too-long proof
              error ProofTooLong(uint256 proofLength);
              /// @dev The output index was greater than the maximum
              /// @param index The output index
              /// @param maxIndex The max the index could be
              error PathNotMinimal(uint256 index, uint256 maxIndex);
              /// @dev The calculated root does not exist
              /// @param root The calculated root
              error UnknownRoot(bytes32 root);
              /// @dev The record has already been spent
              /// @param index The index of the spent record
              error AlreadySpent(uint256 index);
              /// @dev A call to the bridge failed with no return data
              error BridgeCallFailed();
              // Sequencer Inbox Errors
              /// @dev Thrown when someone attempts to read fewer messages than have already been read
              error DelayedBackwards();
              /// @dev Thrown when someone attempts to read more messages than exist
              error DelayedTooFar();
              /// @dev Force include can only read messages more blocks old than the delay period
              error ForceIncludeBlockTooSoon();
              /// @dev The message provided did not match the hash in the delayed inbox
              error IncorrectMessagePreimage();
              /// @dev This can only be called by the batch poster
              error NotBatchPoster();
              /// @dev The sequence number provided to this message was inconsistent with the number of batches already included
              error BadSequencerNumber(uint256 stored, uint256 received);
              /// @dev The sequence message number provided to this message was inconsistent with the previous one
              error BadSequencerMessageNumber(uint256 stored, uint256 received);
              /// @dev Tried to create an already valid Data Availability Service keyset
              error AlreadyValidDASKeyset(bytes32);
              /// @dev Tried to use or invalidate an already invalid Data Availability Service keyset
              error NoSuchKeyset(bytes32);
              /// @dev Thrown when the provided address is not the designated batch poster manager
              error NotBatchPosterManager(address);
              /// @dev Thrown when a data blob feature is attempted to be used on a chain that doesnt support it
              error DataBlobsNotSupported();
              /// @dev Thrown when batches are posted without buffer proof, this is only allowed in a sync state or when no new delayed messages are read
              error DelayProofRequired();
              /// @dev The DelayedAccPreimage is invalid
              error InvalidDelayedAccPreimage();
              /// @dev Thrown when the sequencer attempts to post a batch with delay / sync proofs without delay bufferability enabled
              error NotDelayBufferable();
              /// @dev Thrown when an init param was supplied as empty
              error InitParamZero(string name);
              /// @dev Thrown when data hashes where expected but not where present on the tx
              error MissingDataHashes();
              /// @dev Thrown when rollup is not updated with updateRollupAddress
              error RollupNotChanged();
              /// @dev Unsupported header flag was provided
              error InvalidHeaderFlag(bytes1);
              /// @dev SequencerInbox and Bridge are not in the same feeToken/ETH mode
              error NativeTokenMismatch();
              /// @dev Thrown when a deprecated function is called
              error Deprecated();
              /// @dev Thrown when any component of maxTimeVariation is over uint64
              error BadMaxTimeVariation();
              /// @dev Thrown when any component of bufferConfig is zero
              error BadBufferConfig();
              /// @dev Thrown when extra gas is not a uint64
              error ExtraGasNotUint64();
              /// @dev Thrown when keysetBytes is too large
              error KeysetTooLarge();
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              import {MerkleProofTooLong} from "./Error.sol";
              library MerkleLib {
                  function generateRoot(
                      bytes32[] memory _hashes
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      bytes32[] memory prevLayer = _hashes;
                      while (prevLayer.length > 1) {
                          bytes32[] memory nextLayer = new bytes32[]((prevLayer.length + 1) / 2);
                          for (uint256 i = 0; i < nextLayer.length; i++) {
                              if (2 * i + 1 < prevLayer.length) {
                                  nextLayer[i] =
                                      keccak256(abi.encodePacked(prevLayer[2 * i], prevLayer[2 * i + 1]));
                              } else {
                                  nextLayer[i] = prevLayer[2 * i];
                              }
                          }
                          prevLayer = nextLayer;
                      }
                      return prevLayer[0];
                  }
                  function calculateRoot(
                      bytes32[] memory nodes,
                      uint256 route,
                      bytes32 item
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      uint256 proofItems = nodes.length;
                      if (proofItems > 256) revert MerkleProofTooLong(proofItems, 256);
                      bytes32 h = item;
                      for (uint256 i = 0; i < proofItems;) {
                          bytes32 node = nodes[i];
                          if ((route & (1 << i)) == 0) {
                              assembly {
                                  mstore(0x00, h)
                                  mstore(0x20, node)
                                  h := keccak256(0x00, 0x40)
                              }
                          } else {
                              assembly {
                                  mstore(0x00, node)
                                  mstore(0x20, h)
                                  h := keccak256(0x00, 0x40)
                              }
                          }
                          unchecked {
                              ++i;
                          }
                      }
                      return h;
                  }
              }
              

              File 4 of 4: Bridge
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.2;
              import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
               * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
               * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
               * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
               *
               * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
               * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
               * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
               *
               * For example:
               *
               * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
               * ```
               * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
               *     function initialize() initializer public {
               *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
               *     }
               * }
               * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
               *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
               *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
               *     }
               * }
               * ```
               *
               * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
               * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
               *
               * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
               * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
               *
               * [CAUTION]
               * ====
               * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
               *
               * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
               * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
               * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
               *
               * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
               * ```
               * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
               * constructor() {
               *     _disableInitializers();
               * }
               * ```
               * ====
               */
              abstract contract Initializable {
                  /**
                   * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
                   * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
                   */
                  uint8 private _initialized;
                  /**
                   * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
                   */
                  bool private _initializing;
                  /**
                   * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
                   */
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  /**
                   * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
                   * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts. Equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`.
                   */
                  modifier initializer() {
                      bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
                      require(
                          (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
                          "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
                      );
                      _initialized = 1;
                      if (isTopLevelCall) {
                          _initializing = true;
                      }
                      _;
                      if (isTopLevelCall) {
                          _initializing = false;
                          emit Initialized(1);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
                   * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
                   * used to initialize parent contracts.
                   *
                   * `initializer` is equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`, so a reinitializer may be used after the original
                   * initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that are added through upgrades and that require
                   * initialization.
                   *
                   * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
                   * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
                   */
                  modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
                      require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
                      _initialized = version;
                      _initializing = true;
                      _;
                      _initializing = false;
                      emit Initialized(version);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
                   * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
                   */
                  modifier onlyInitializing() {
                      require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
                      _;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
                   * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
                   * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
                   * through proxies.
                   */
                  function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
                      require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
                      if (_initialized < type(uint8).max) {
                          _initialized = type(uint8).max;
                          emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Address.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
              /**
               * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
               */
              library AddressUpgradeable {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
                   * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
                   *
                   * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
                   * types of addresses:
                   *
                   *  - an externally-owned account
                   *  - a contract in construction
                   *  - an address where a contract will be created
                   *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
                   * ====
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
                   *
                   * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
                   * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
                   * constructor.
                   * ====
                   */
                  function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
                      // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
                      // of the constructor execution.
                      return account.code.length > 0;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
                   * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
                   *
                   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
                   * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
                   * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
                   * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
                   *
                   * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
                   * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
                   * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
                   * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
                   */
                  function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                      require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                      (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                      require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
                   * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
                   * function instead.
                   *
                   * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
                   * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
                   *
                   * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
                   * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - `target` must be a contract.
                   * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
                   * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
                   * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
                   * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
                   * revert reason using the provided one.
                   *
                   * _Available since v4.3._
                   */
                  function verifyCallResult(
                      bool success,
                      bytes memory returndata,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                      if (success) {
                          return returndata;
                      } else {
                          // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                          if (returndata.length > 0) {
                              // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                              /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                              assembly {
                                  let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                  revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                              }
                          } else {
                              revert(errorMessage);
                          }
                      }
                  }
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
              import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
              import {
                  NotContract,
                  NotRollupOrOwner,
                  NotDelayedInbox,
                  NotSequencerInbox,
                  NotOutbox,
                  InvalidOutboxSet,
                  BadSequencerMessageNumber
              } from "../libraries/Error.sol";
              import "./IBridge.sol";
              import "./Messages.sol";
              import "../libraries/DelegateCallAware.sol";
              import {L1MessageType_batchPostingReport} from "../libraries/MessageTypes.sol";
              /**
               * @title Staging ground for incoming and outgoing messages
               * @notice Holds the inbox accumulator for sequenced and delayed messages.
               * Since the escrow is held here, this contract also contains a list of allowed
               * outboxes that can make calls from here and withdraw this escrow.
               */
              abstract contract AbsBridge is Initializable, DelegateCallAware, IBridge {
                  using AddressUpgradeable for address;
                  struct InOutInfo {
                      uint256 index;
                      bool allowed;
                  }
                  mapping(address => InOutInfo) private allowedDelayedInboxesMap;
                  mapping(address => InOutInfo) private allowedOutboxesMap;
                  address[] public allowedDelayedInboxList;
                  address[] public allowedOutboxList;
                  address internal _activeOutbox;
                  /// @inheritdoc IBridge
                  bytes32[] public delayedInboxAccs;
                  /// @inheritdoc IBridge
                  bytes32[] public sequencerInboxAccs;
                  IOwnable public rollup;
                  address public sequencerInbox;
                  uint256 public override sequencerReportedSubMessageCount;
                  address internal constant EMPTY_ACTIVEOUTBOX = address(type(uint160).max);
                  modifier onlyRollupOrOwner() {
                      if (msg.sender != address(rollup)) {
                          address rollupOwner = rollup.owner();
                          if (msg.sender != rollupOwner) {
                              revert NotRollupOrOwner(msg.sender, address(rollup), rollupOwner);
                          }
                      }
                      _;
                  }
                  /// @notice Allows the rollup owner to set another rollup address
                  function updateRollupAddress(
                      IOwnable _rollup
                  ) external onlyRollupOrOwner {
                      rollup = _rollup;
                      emit RollupUpdated(address(_rollup));
                  }
                  /// @dev returns the address of current active Outbox, or zero if no outbox is active
                  function activeOutbox() public view returns (address) {
                      address outbox = _activeOutbox;
                      // address zero is returned if no outbox is set, but the value used in storage
                      // is non-zero to save users some gas (as storage refunds are usually maxed out)
                      // EIP-1153 would help here.
                      // we don't return `EMPTY_ACTIVEOUTBOX` to avoid a breaking change on the current api
                      if (outbox == EMPTY_ACTIVEOUTBOX) return address(0);
                      return outbox;
                  }
                  function allowedDelayedInboxes(
                      address inbox
                  ) public view returns (bool) {
                      return allowedDelayedInboxesMap[inbox].allowed;
                  }
                  function allowedOutboxes(
                      address outbox
                  ) public view returns (bool) {
                      return allowedOutboxesMap[outbox].allowed;
                  }
                  modifier onlySequencerInbox() {
                      if (msg.sender != sequencerInbox) revert NotSequencerInbox(msg.sender);
                      _;
                  }
                  function enqueueSequencerMessage(
                      bytes32 dataHash,
                      uint256 afterDelayedMessagesRead,
                      uint256 prevMessageCount,
                      uint256 newMessageCount
                  )
                      external
                      onlySequencerInbox
                      returns (uint256 seqMessageIndex, bytes32 beforeAcc, bytes32 delayedAcc, bytes32 acc)
                  {
                      if (
                          sequencerReportedSubMessageCount != prevMessageCount && prevMessageCount != 0
                              && sequencerReportedSubMessageCount != 0
                      ) {
                          revert BadSequencerMessageNumber(sequencerReportedSubMessageCount, prevMessageCount);
                      }
                      sequencerReportedSubMessageCount = newMessageCount;
                      seqMessageIndex = sequencerInboxAccs.length;
                      if (seqMessageIndex > 0) {
                          beforeAcc = sequencerInboxAccs[seqMessageIndex - 1];
                      }
                      if (afterDelayedMessagesRead > 0) {
                          delayedAcc = delayedInboxAccs[afterDelayedMessagesRead - 1];
                      }
                      acc = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(beforeAcc, dataHash, delayedAcc));
                      sequencerInboxAccs.push(acc);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IBridge
                  function submitBatchSpendingReport(
                      address sender,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash
                  ) external onlySequencerInbox returns (uint256) {
                      return addMessageToDelayedAccumulator(
                          L1MessageType_batchPostingReport,
                          sender,
                          uint64(block.number),
                          uint64(block.timestamp), // solhint-disable-line not-rely-on-time,
                          block.basefee,
                          messageDataHash
                      );
                  }
                  function _enqueueDelayedMessage(
                      uint8 kind,
                      address sender,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash,
                      uint256 amount
                  ) internal returns (uint256) {
                      if (!allowedDelayedInboxes(msg.sender)) revert NotDelayedInbox(msg.sender);
                      uint256 messageCount = addMessageToDelayedAccumulator(
                          kind,
                          sender,
                          uint64(block.number),
                          uint64(block.timestamp), // solhint-disable-line not-rely-on-time
                          _baseFeeToReport(),
                          messageDataHash
                      );
                      _transferFunds(amount);
                      return messageCount;
                  }
                  function addMessageToDelayedAccumulator(
                      uint8 kind,
                      address sender,
                      uint64 blockNumber,
                      uint64 blockTimestamp,
                      uint256 baseFeeL1,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash
                  ) internal returns (uint256) {
                      uint256 count = delayedInboxAccs.length;
                      bytes32 messageHash = Messages.messageHash(
                          kind, sender, blockNumber, blockTimestamp, count, baseFeeL1, messageDataHash
                      );
                      bytes32 prevAcc = 0;
                      if (count > 0) {
                          prevAcc = delayedInboxAccs[count - 1];
                      }
                      delayedInboxAccs.push(Messages.accumulateInboxMessage(prevAcc, messageHash));
                      emit MessageDelivered(
                          count, prevAcc, msg.sender, kind, sender, messageDataHash, baseFeeL1, blockTimestamp
                      );
                      return count;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IBridge
                  function executeCall(
                      address to,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external returns (bool success, bytes memory returnData) {
                      if (!allowedOutboxes(msg.sender)) revert NotOutbox(msg.sender);
                      if (data.length > 0 && !to.isContract()) revert NotContract(to);
                      address prevOutbox = _activeOutbox;
                      _activeOutbox = msg.sender;
                      // We set and reset active outbox around external call so activeOutbox remains valid during call
                      // We use a low level call here since we want to bubble up whether it succeeded or failed to the caller
                      // rather than reverting on failure as well as allow contract and non-contract calls
                      (success, returnData) = _executeLowLevelCall(to, value, data);
                      _activeOutbox = prevOutbox;
                      emit BridgeCallTriggered(msg.sender, to, value, data);
                  }
                  function setSequencerInbox(
                      address _sequencerInbox
                  ) external onlyRollupOrOwner {
                      sequencerInbox = _sequencerInbox;
                      emit SequencerInboxUpdated(_sequencerInbox);
                  }
                  function setDelayedInbox(address inbox, bool enabled) external onlyRollupOrOwner {
                      InOutInfo storage info = allowedDelayedInboxesMap[inbox];
                      bool alreadyEnabled = info.allowed;
                      emit InboxToggle(inbox, enabled);
                      if (alreadyEnabled == enabled) {
                          return;
                      }
                      if (enabled) {
                          allowedDelayedInboxesMap[inbox] = InOutInfo(allowedDelayedInboxList.length, true);
                          allowedDelayedInboxList.push(inbox);
                      } else {
                          allowedDelayedInboxList[info.index] =
                              allowedDelayedInboxList[allowedDelayedInboxList.length - 1];
                          allowedDelayedInboxesMap[allowedDelayedInboxList[info.index]].index = info.index;
                          allowedDelayedInboxList.pop();
                          delete allowedDelayedInboxesMap[inbox];
                      }
                  }
                  function setOutbox(address outbox, bool enabled) external onlyRollupOrOwner {
                      if (outbox == EMPTY_ACTIVEOUTBOX) revert InvalidOutboxSet(outbox);
                      InOutInfo storage info = allowedOutboxesMap[outbox];
                      bool alreadyEnabled = info.allowed;
                      emit OutboxToggle(outbox, enabled);
                      if (alreadyEnabled == enabled) {
                          return;
                      }
                      if (enabled) {
                          allowedOutboxesMap[outbox] = InOutInfo(allowedOutboxList.length, true);
                          allowedOutboxList.push(outbox);
                      } else {
                          allowedOutboxList[info.index] = allowedOutboxList[allowedOutboxList.length - 1];
                          allowedOutboxesMap[allowedOutboxList[info.index]].index = info.index;
                          allowedOutboxList.pop();
                          delete allowedOutboxesMap[outbox];
                      }
                  }
                  function setSequencerReportedSubMessageCount(
                      uint256 newMsgCount
                  ) external onlyRollupOrOwner {
                      sequencerReportedSubMessageCount = newMsgCount;
                  }
                  function delayedMessageCount() external view override returns (uint256) {
                      return delayedInboxAccs.length;
                  }
                  function sequencerMessageCount() external view returns (uint256) {
                      return sequencerInboxAccs.length;
                  }
                  /// @dev For the classic -> nitro migration. TODO: remove post-migration.
                  function acceptFundsFromOldBridge() external payable {}
                  /// @dev transfer funds provided to pay for crosschain msg
                  function _transferFunds(
                      uint256 amount
                  ) internal virtual;
                  function _executeLowLevelCall(
                      address to,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes memory data
                  ) internal virtual returns (bool success, bytes memory returnData);
                  /// @dev get base fee which is emitted in `MessageDelivered` event and then picked up and
                  /// used in ArbOs to calculate the submission fee for retryable ticket
                  function _baseFeeToReport() internal view virtual returns (uint256);
                  /**
                   * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
                   * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
                   * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
                   */
                  uint256[40] private __gap;
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
              import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
              import "./AbsBridge.sol";
              import "./IEthBridge.sol";
              import "./Messages.sol";
              import "../libraries/DelegateCallAware.sol";
              /**
               * @title Staging ground for incoming and outgoing messages
               * @notice It is also the ETH escrow for value sent with these messages.
               */
              contract Bridge is AbsBridge, IEthBridge {
                  using AddressUpgradeable for address;
                  /// @inheritdoc IEthBridge
                  function initialize(
                      IOwnable rollup_
                  ) external initializer onlyDelegated {
                      _activeOutbox = EMPTY_ACTIVEOUTBOX;
                      rollup = rollup_;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc IEthBridge
                  function enqueueDelayedMessage(
                      uint8 kind,
                      address sender,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash
                  ) external payable returns (uint256) {
                      return _enqueueDelayedMessage(kind, sender, messageDataHash, msg.value);
                  }
                  function _transferFunds(
                      uint256
                  ) internal override {
                      // do nothing as Eth transfer is part of TX execution
                  }
                  function _executeLowLevelCall(
                      address to,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes memory data
                  ) internal override returns (bool success, bytes memory returnData) {
                      // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
                      (success, returnData) = to.call{value: value}(data);
                  }
                  function _baseFeeToReport() internal view override returns (uint256) {
                      return block.basefee;
                  }
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              // solhint-disable-next-line compiler-version
              pragma solidity >=0.6.9 <0.9.0;
              import "./IOwnable.sol";
              interface IBridge {
                  /// @dev This is an instruction to offchain readers to inform them where to look
                  ///      for sequencer inbox batch data. This is not the type of data (eg. das, brotli encoded, or blob versioned hash)
                  ///      and this enum is not used in the state transition function, rather it informs an offchain
                  ///      reader where to find the data so that they can supply it to the replay binary
                  enum BatchDataLocation {
                      /// @notice The data can be found in the transaction call data
                      TxInput,
                      /// @notice The data can be found in an event emitted during the transaction
                      SeparateBatchEvent,
                      /// @notice This batch contains no data
                      NoData,
                      /// @notice The data can be found in the 4844 data blobs on this transaction
                      Blob
                  }
                  struct TimeBounds {
                      uint64 minTimestamp;
                      uint64 maxTimestamp;
                      uint64 minBlockNumber;
                      uint64 maxBlockNumber;
                  }
                  event MessageDelivered(
                      uint256 indexed messageIndex,
                      bytes32 indexed beforeInboxAcc,
                      address inbox,
                      uint8 kind,
                      address sender,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash,
                      uint256 baseFeeL1,
                      uint64 timestamp
                  );
                  event BridgeCallTriggered(
                      address indexed outbox, address indexed to, uint256 value, bytes data
                  );
                  event InboxToggle(address indexed inbox, bool enabled);
                  event OutboxToggle(address indexed outbox, bool enabled);
                  event SequencerInboxUpdated(address newSequencerInbox);
                  event RollupUpdated(address rollup);
                  function allowedDelayedInboxList(
                      uint256
                  ) external returns (address);
                  function allowedOutboxList(
                      uint256
                  ) external returns (address);
                  /// @dev Accumulator for delayed inbox messages; tail represents hash of the current state; each element represents the inclusion of a new message.
                  function delayedInboxAccs(
                      uint256
                  ) external view returns (bytes32);
                  /// @dev Accumulator for sequencer inbox messages; tail represents hash of the current state; each element represents the inclusion of a new message.
                  function sequencerInboxAccs(
                      uint256
                  ) external view returns (bytes32);
                  function rollup() external view returns (IOwnable);
                  function sequencerInbox() external view returns (address);
                  function activeOutbox() external view returns (address);
                  function allowedDelayedInboxes(
                      address inbox
                  ) external view returns (bool);
                  function allowedOutboxes(
                      address outbox
                  ) external view returns (bool);
                  function sequencerReportedSubMessageCount() external view returns (uint256);
                  function executeCall(
                      address to,
                      uint256 value,
                      bytes calldata data
                  ) external returns (bool success, bytes memory returnData);
                  function delayedMessageCount() external view returns (uint256);
                  function sequencerMessageCount() external view returns (uint256);
                  // ---------- onlySequencerInbox functions ----------
                  function enqueueSequencerMessage(
                      bytes32 dataHash,
                      uint256 afterDelayedMessagesRead,
                      uint256 prevMessageCount,
                      uint256 newMessageCount
                  )
                      external
                      returns (uint256 seqMessageIndex, bytes32 beforeAcc, bytes32 delayedAcc, bytes32 acc);
                  /**
                   * @dev Allows the sequencer inbox to submit a delayed message of the batchPostingReport type
                   *      This is done through a separate function entrypoint instead of allowing the sequencer inbox
                   *      to call `enqueueDelayedMessage` to avoid the gas overhead of an extra SLOAD in either
                   *      every delayed inbox or every sequencer inbox call.
                   */
                  function submitBatchSpendingReport(
                      address batchPoster,
                      bytes32 dataHash
                  ) external returns (uint256 msgNum);
                  // ---------- onlyRollupOrOwner functions ----------
                  function setSequencerInbox(
                      address _sequencerInbox
                  ) external;
                  function setDelayedInbox(address inbox, bool enabled) external;
                  function setOutbox(address inbox, bool enabled) external;
                  function updateRollupAddress(
                      IOwnable _rollup
                  ) external;
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              // solhint-disable-next-line compiler-version
              pragma solidity >=0.6.9 <0.9.0;
              import "./IOwnable.sol";
              import "./IBridge.sol";
              interface IEthBridge is IBridge {
                  /**
                   * @dev Enqueue a message in the delayed inbox accumulator.
                   *      These messages are later sequenced in the SequencerInbox, either
                   *      by the sequencer as part of a normal batch, or by force inclusion.
                   */
                  function enqueueDelayedMessage(
                      uint8 kind,
                      address sender,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash
                  ) external payable returns (uint256);
                  // ---------- initializer ----------
                  function initialize(
                      IOwnable rollup_
                  ) external;
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              // solhint-disable-next-line compiler-version
              pragma solidity >=0.4.21 <0.9.0;
              interface IOwnable {
                  function owner() external view returns (address);
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              // solhint-disable-next-line compiler-version
              pragma solidity >=0.6.9 <0.9.0;
              pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
              library Messages {
                  struct Message {
                      uint8 kind;
                      address sender;
                      uint64 blockNumber;
                      uint64 timestamp;
                      uint256 inboxSeqNum;
                      uint256 baseFeeL1;
                      bytes32 messageDataHash;
                  }
                  function messageHash(
                      Message memory message
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return messageHash(
                          message.kind,
                          message.sender,
                          message.blockNumber,
                          message.timestamp,
                          message.inboxSeqNum,
                          message.baseFeeL1,
                          message.messageDataHash
                      );
                  }
                  function messageHash(
                      uint8 kind,
                      address sender,
                      uint64 blockNumber,
                      uint64 timestamp,
                      uint256 inboxSeqNum,
                      uint256 baseFeeL1,
                      bytes32 messageDataHash
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return keccak256(
                          abi.encodePacked(
                              kind, sender, blockNumber, timestamp, inboxSeqNum, baseFeeL1, messageDataHash
                          )
                      );
                  }
                  function accumulateInboxMessage(
                      bytes32 prevAcc,
                      bytes32 message
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(prevAcc, message));
                  }
                  /// @dev   Validates a delayed accumulator preimage
                  /// @param delayedAcc The delayed accumulator to validate against
                  /// @param beforeDelayedAcc The previous delayed accumulator
                  /// @param message The message to validate
                  function isValidDelayedAccPreimage(
                      bytes32 delayedAcc,
                      bytes32 beforeDelayedAcc,
                      Message memory message
                  ) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return delayedAcc == accumulateInboxMessage(beforeDelayedAcc, messageHash(message));
                  }
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import {NotOwner} from "./Error.sol";
              /// @dev A stateless contract that allows you to infer if the current call has been delegated or not
              /// Pattern used here is from UUPS implementation by the OpenZeppelin team
              abstract contract DelegateCallAware {
                  address private immutable __self = address(this);
                  /**
                   * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
                   * callable on the proxy contract but not on the logic contract.
                   */
                  modifier onlyDelegated() {
                      require(address(this) != __self, "Function must be called through delegatecall");
                      _;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
                   * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
                   */
                  modifier notDelegated() {
                      require(address(this) == __self, "Function must not be called through delegatecall");
                      _;
                  }
                  /// @dev Check that msg.sender is the current EIP 1967 proxy admin
                  modifier onlyProxyOwner() {
                      // Storage slot with the admin of the proxy contract
                      // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1
                      bytes32 slot = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;
                      address admin;
                      assembly {
                          admin := sload(slot)
                      }
                      if (msg.sender != admin) revert NotOwner(msg.sender, admin);
                      _;
                  }
              }
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              /// @dev Init was already called
              error AlreadyInit();
              /// @dev Init was called with param set to zero that must be nonzero
              error HadZeroInit();
              /// @dev Thrown when post upgrade init validation fails
              error BadPostUpgradeInit();
              /// @dev Thrown when the caller is not a codeless origin
              error NotCodelessOrigin();
              /// @dev Thrown when non owner tries to access an only-owner function
              /// @param sender The msg.sender who is not the owner
              /// @param owner The owner address
              error NotOwner(address sender, address owner);
              /// @dev Thrown when an address that is not the rollup tries to call an only-rollup function
              /// @param sender The sender who is not the rollup
              /// @param rollup The rollup address authorized to call this function
              error NotRollup(address sender, address rollup);
              /// @dev Thrown when the contract was not called directly from the origin ie msg.sender != tx.origin
              error NotOrigin();
              /// @dev Provided data was too large
              /// @param dataLength The length of the data that is too large
              /// @param maxDataLength The max length the data can be
              error DataTooLarge(uint256 dataLength, uint256 maxDataLength);
              /// @dev The provided is not a contract and was expected to be
              /// @param addr The adddress in question
              error NotContract(address addr);
              /// @dev The merkle proof provided was too long
              /// @param actualLength The length of the merkle proof provided
              /// @param maxProofLength The max length a merkle proof can have
              error MerkleProofTooLong(uint256 actualLength, uint256 maxProofLength);
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an admin function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              /// @param rollup The rollup, which would be authorized
              /// @param owner The rollup's owner, which would be authorized
              error NotRollupOrOwner(address sender, address rollup, address owner);
              // Bridge Errors
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an only-inbox function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              error NotDelayedInbox(address sender);
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an only-sequencer-inbox function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              error NotSequencerInbox(address sender);
              /// @dev Thrown when an un-authorized address tries to access an only-outbox function
              /// @param sender The un-authorized sender
              error NotOutbox(address sender);
              /// @dev the provided outbox address isn't valid
              /// @param outbox address of outbox being set
              error InvalidOutboxSet(address outbox);
              /// @dev The provided token address isn't valid
              /// @param token address of token being set
              error InvalidTokenSet(address token);
              /// @dev Call to this specific address is not allowed
              /// @param target address of the call receiver
              error CallTargetNotAllowed(address target);
              /// @dev Call that changes the balance of ERC20Bridge is not allowed
              error CallNotAllowed();
              // Inbox Errors
              /// @dev msg.value sent to the inbox isn't high enough
              error InsufficientValue(uint256 expected, uint256 actual);
              /// @dev submission cost provided isn't enough to create retryable ticket
              error InsufficientSubmissionCost(uint256 expected, uint256 actual);
              /// @dev address not allowed to interact with the given contract
              error NotAllowedOrigin(address origin);
              /// @dev used to convey retryable tx data in eth calls without requiring a tx trace
              /// this follows a pattern similar to EIP-3668 where reverts surface call information
              error RetryableData(
                  address from,
                  address to,
                  uint256 l2CallValue,
                  uint256 deposit,
                  uint256 maxSubmissionCost,
                  address excessFeeRefundAddress,
                  address callValueRefundAddress,
                  uint256 gasLimit,
                  uint256 maxFeePerGas,
                  bytes data
              );
              /// @dev Thrown when a L1 chainId fork is detected
              error L1Forked();
              /// @dev Thrown when a L1 chainId fork is not detected
              error NotForked();
              /// @dev The provided gasLimit is larger than uint64
              error GasLimitTooLarge();
              /// @dev The provided amount cannot be adjusted to 18 decimals due to overflow
              error AmountTooLarge(uint256 amount);
              /// @dev Number of native token's decimals is restricted to enable conversions to 18 decimals
              error NativeTokenDecimalsTooLarge(uint256 decimals);
              // Outbox Errors
              /// @dev The provided proof was too long
              /// @param proofLength The length of the too-long proof
              error ProofTooLong(uint256 proofLength);
              /// @dev The output index was greater than the maximum
              /// @param index The output index
              /// @param maxIndex The max the index could be
              error PathNotMinimal(uint256 index, uint256 maxIndex);
              /// @dev The calculated root does not exist
              /// @param root The calculated root
              error UnknownRoot(bytes32 root);
              /// @dev The record has already been spent
              /// @param index The index of the spent record
              error AlreadySpent(uint256 index);
              /// @dev A call to the bridge failed with no return data
              error BridgeCallFailed();
              // Sequencer Inbox Errors
              /// @dev Thrown when someone attempts to read fewer messages than have already been read
              error DelayedBackwards();
              /// @dev Thrown when someone attempts to read more messages than exist
              error DelayedTooFar();
              /// @dev Force include can only read messages more blocks old than the delay period
              error ForceIncludeBlockTooSoon();
              /// @dev The message provided did not match the hash in the delayed inbox
              error IncorrectMessagePreimage();
              /// @dev This can only be called by the batch poster
              error NotBatchPoster();
              /// @dev The sequence number provided to this message was inconsistent with the number of batches already included
              error BadSequencerNumber(uint256 stored, uint256 received);
              /// @dev The sequence message number provided to this message was inconsistent with the previous one
              error BadSequencerMessageNumber(uint256 stored, uint256 received);
              /// @dev Tried to create an already valid Data Availability Service keyset
              error AlreadyValidDASKeyset(bytes32);
              /// @dev Tried to use or invalidate an already invalid Data Availability Service keyset
              error NoSuchKeyset(bytes32);
              /// @dev Thrown when the provided address is not the designated batch poster manager
              error NotBatchPosterManager(address);
              /// @dev Thrown when a data blob feature is attempted to be used on a chain that doesnt support it
              error DataBlobsNotSupported();
              /// @dev Thrown when batches are posted without buffer proof, this is only allowed in a sync state or when no new delayed messages are read
              error DelayProofRequired();
              /// @dev The DelayedAccPreimage is invalid
              error InvalidDelayedAccPreimage();
              /// @dev Thrown when the sequencer attempts to post a batch with delay / sync proofs without delay bufferability enabled
              error NotDelayBufferable();
              /// @dev Thrown when an init param was supplied as empty
              error InitParamZero(string name);
              /// @dev Thrown when data hashes where expected but not where present on the tx
              error MissingDataHashes();
              /// @dev Thrown when rollup is not updated with updateRollupAddress
              error RollupNotChanged();
              /// @dev Unsupported header flag was provided
              error InvalidHeaderFlag(bytes1);
              /// @dev SequencerInbox and Bridge are not in the same feeToken/ETH mode
              error NativeTokenMismatch();
              /// @dev Thrown when a deprecated function is called
              error Deprecated();
              /// @dev Thrown when any component of maxTimeVariation is over uint64
              error BadMaxTimeVariation();
              /// @dev Thrown when any component of bufferConfig is zero
              error BadBufferConfig();
              /// @dev Thrown when extra gas is not a uint64
              error ExtraGasNotUint64();
              /// @dev Thrown when keysetBytes is too large
              error KeysetTooLarge();
              // Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
              // For license information, see https://github.com/OffchainLabs/nitro-contracts/blob/main/LICENSE
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
              pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
              uint8 constant L2_MSG = 3;
              uint8 constant L1MessageType_L2FundedByL1 = 7;
              uint8 constant L1MessageType_submitRetryableTx = 9;
              uint8 constant L1MessageType_ethDeposit = 12;
              uint8 constant L1MessageType_batchPostingReport = 13;
              uint8 constant L2MessageType_unsignedEOATx = 0;
              uint8 constant L2MessageType_unsignedContractTx = 1;
              uint8 constant ROLLUP_PROTOCOL_EVENT_TYPE = 8;
              uint8 constant INITIALIZATION_MSG_TYPE = 11;