// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";
/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */
abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.
    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
    uint256 private constant NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant ENTERED = 2;
    uint256 private _status;
    /**
     * @dev Unauthorized reentrant call.
     */
    error ReentrancyGuardReentrantCall();
    constructor() {
        _status = NOT_ENTERED;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrant() {
        _nonReentrantBefore();
        _;
        _nonReentrantAfter();
    }
    function _nonReentrantBefore() private {
        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _status will be NOT_ENTERED
        if (_status == ENTERED) {
            revert ReentrancyGuardReentrantCall();
        }
        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = ENTERED;
    }
    function _nonReentrantAfter() private {
        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = NOT_ENTERED;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the reentrancy guard is currently set to "entered", which indicates there is a
     * `nonReentrant` function in the call stack.
     */
    function _reentrancyGuardEntered() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _status == ENTERED;
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.23;
/* solhint-disable avoid-low-level-calls */
/* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
import "../interfaces/IAccount.sol";
import "../interfaces/IAccountExecute.sol";
import "../interfaces/IPaymaster.sol";
import "../interfaces/IEntryPoint.sol";
import "../utils/Exec.sol";
import "./StakeManager.sol";
import "./SenderCreator.sol";
import "./Helpers.sol";
import "./NonceManager.sol";
import "./UserOperationLib.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
/*
 * Account-Abstraction (EIP-4337) singleton EntryPoint implementation.
 * Only one instance required on each chain.
 */
/// @custom:security-contact https://bounty.ethereum.org
contract EntryPoint is IEntryPoint, StakeManager, NonceManager, ReentrancyGuard, ERC165 {
    using UserOperationLib for PackedUserOperation;
    SenderCreator private immutable _senderCreator = new SenderCreator();
    function senderCreator() internal view virtual returns (SenderCreator) {
        return _senderCreator;
    }
    //compensate for innerHandleOps' emit message and deposit refund.
    // allow some slack for future gas price changes.
    uint256 private constant INNER_GAS_OVERHEAD = 10000;
    // Marker for inner call revert on out of gas
    bytes32 private constant INNER_OUT_OF_GAS = hex"deaddead";
    bytes32 private constant INNER_REVERT_LOW_PREFUND = hex"deadaa51";
    uint256 private constant REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN = 2048;
    uint256 private constant PENALTY_PERCENT = 10;
    /// @inheritdoc IERC165
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        // note: solidity "type(IEntryPoint).interfaceId" is without inherited methods but we want to check everything
        return interfaceId == (type(IEntryPoint).interfaceId ^ type(IStakeManager).interfaceId ^ type(INonceManager).interfaceId) ||
            interfaceId == type(IEntryPoint).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IStakeManager).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(INonceManager).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }
    /**
     * Compensate the caller's beneficiary address with the collected fees of all UserOperations.
     * @param beneficiary - The address to receive the fees.
     * @param amount      - Amount to transfer.
     */
    function _compensate(address payable beneficiary, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(beneficiary != address(0), "AA90 invalid beneficiary");
        (bool success, ) = beneficiary.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "AA91 failed send to beneficiary");
    }
    /**
     * Execute a user operation.
     * @param opIndex    - Index into the opInfo array.
     * @param userOp     - The userOp to execute.
     * @param opInfo     - The opInfo filled by validatePrepayment for this userOp.
     * @return collected - The total amount this userOp paid.
     */
    function _executeUserOp(
        uint256 opIndex,
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp,
        UserOpInfo memory opInfo
    )
    internal
    returns
    (uint256 collected) {
        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
        bytes memory context = getMemoryBytesFromOffset(opInfo.contextOffset);
        bool success;
        {
            uint256 saveFreePtr;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                saveFreePtr := mload(0x40)
            }
            bytes calldata callData = userOp.callData;
            bytes memory innerCall;
            bytes4 methodSig;
            assembly {
                let len := callData.length
                if gt(len, 3) {
                    methodSig := calldataload(callData.offset)
                }
            }
            if (methodSig == IAccountExecute.executeUserOp.selector) {
                bytes memory executeUserOp = abi.encodeCall(IAccountExecute.executeUserOp, (userOp, opInfo.userOpHash));
                innerCall = abi.encodeCall(this.innerHandleOp, (executeUserOp, opInfo, context));
            } else
            {
                innerCall = abi.encodeCall(this.innerHandleOp, (callData, opInfo, context));
            }
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                success := call(gas(), address(), 0, add(innerCall, 0x20), mload(innerCall), 0, 32)
                collected := mload(0)
                mstore(0x40, saveFreePtr)
            }
        }
        if (!success) {
            bytes32 innerRevertCode;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                let len := returndatasize()
                if eq(32,len) {
                    returndatacopy(0, 0, 32)
                    innerRevertCode := mload(0)
                }
            }
            if (innerRevertCode == INNER_OUT_OF_GAS) {
                // handleOps was called with gas limit too low. abort entire bundle.
                //can only be caused by bundler (leaving not enough gas for inner call)
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA95 out of gas");
            } else if (innerRevertCode == INNER_REVERT_LOW_PREFUND) {
                // innerCall reverted on prefund too low. treat entire prefund as "gas cost"
                uint256 actualGas = preGas - gasleft() + opInfo.preOpGas;
                uint256 actualGasCost = opInfo.prefund;
                emitPrefundTooLow(opInfo);
                emitUserOperationEvent(opInfo, false, actualGasCost, actualGas);
                collected = actualGasCost;
            } else {
                emit PostOpRevertReason(
                    opInfo.userOpHash,
                    opInfo.mUserOp.sender,
                    opInfo.mUserOp.nonce,
                    Exec.getReturnData(REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN)
                );
                uint256 actualGas = preGas - gasleft() + opInfo.preOpGas;
                collected = _postExecution(
                    IPaymaster.PostOpMode.postOpReverted,
                    opInfo,
                    context,
                    actualGas
                );
            }
        }
    }
    function emitUserOperationEvent(UserOpInfo memory opInfo, bool success, uint256 actualGasCost, uint256 actualGas) internal virtual {
        emit UserOperationEvent(
            opInfo.userOpHash,
            opInfo.mUserOp.sender,
            opInfo.mUserOp.paymaster,
            opInfo.mUserOp.nonce,
            success,
            actualGasCost,
            actualGas
        );
    }
    function emitPrefundTooLow(UserOpInfo memory opInfo) internal virtual {
        emit UserOperationPrefundTooLow(
            opInfo.userOpHash,
            opInfo.mUserOp.sender,
            opInfo.mUserOp.nonce
        );
    }
    /// @inheritdoc IEntryPoint
    function handleOps(
        PackedUserOperation[] calldata ops,
        address payable beneficiary
    ) public nonReentrant {
        uint256 opslen = ops.length;
        UserOpInfo[] memory opInfos = new UserOpInfo[](opslen);
        unchecked {
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                UserOpInfo memory opInfo = opInfos[i];
                (
                    uint256 validationData,
                    uint256 pmValidationData
                ) = _validatePrepayment(i, ops[i], opInfo);
                _validateAccountAndPaymasterValidationData(
                    i,
                    validationData,
                    pmValidationData,
                    address(0)
                );
            }
            uint256 collected = 0;
            emit BeforeExecution();
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                collected += _executeUserOp(i, ops[i], opInfos[i]);
            }
            _compensate(beneficiary, collected);
        }
    }
    /// @inheritdoc IEntryPoint
    function handleAggregatedOps(
        UserOpsPerAggregator[] calldata opsPerAggregator,
        address payable beneficiary
    ) public nonReentrant {
        uint256 opasLen = opsPerAggregator.length;
        uint256 totalOps = 0;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < opasLen; i++) {
            UserOpsPerAggregator calldata opa = opsPerAggregator[i];
            PackedUserOperation[] calldata ops = opa.userOps;
            IAggregator aggregator = opa.aggregator;
            //address(1) is special marker of "signature error"
            require(
                address(aggregator) != address(1),
                "AA96 invalid aggregator"
            );
            if (address(aggregator) != address(0)) {
                // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
                try aggregator.validateSignatures(ops, opa.signature) {} catch {
                    revert SignatureValidationFailed(address(aggregator));
                }
            }
            totalOps += ops.length;
        }
        UserOpInfo[] memory opInfos = new UserOpInfo[](totalOps);
        uint256 opIndex = 0;
        for (uint256 a = 0; a < opasLen; a++) {
            UserOpsPerAggregator calldata opa = opsPerAggregator[a];
            PackedUserOperation[] calldata ops = opa.userOps;
            IAggregator aggregator = opa.aggregator;
            uint256 opslen = ops.length;
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                UserOpInfo memory opInfo = opInfos[opIndex];
                (
                    uint256 validationData,
                    uint256 paymasterValidationData
                ) = _validatePrepayment(opIndex, ops[i], opInfo);
                _validateAccountAndPaymasterValidationData(
                    i,
                    validationData,
                    paymasterValidationData,
                    address(aggregator)
                );
                opIndex++;
            }
        }
        emit BeforeExecution();
        uint256 collected = 0;
        opIndex = 0;
        for (uint256 a = 0; a < opasLen; a++) {
            UserOpsPerAggregator calldata opa = opsPerAggregator[a];
            emit SignatureAggregatorChanged(address(opa.aggregator));
            PackedUserOperation[] calldata ops = opa.userOps;
            uint256 opslen = ops.length;
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                collected += _executeUserOp(opIndex, ops[i], opInfos[opIndex]);
                opIndex++;
            }
        }
        emit SignatureAggregatorChanged(address(0));
        _compensate(beneficiary, collected);
    }
    /**
     * A memory copy of UserOp static fields only.
     * Excluding: callData, initCode and signature. Replacing paymasterAndData with paymaster.
     */
    struct MemoryUserOp {
        address sender;
        uint256 nonce;
        uint256 verificationGasLimit;
        uint256 callGasLimit;
        uint256 paymasterVerificationGasLimit;
        uint256 paymasterPostOpGasLimit;
        uint256 preVerificationGas;
        address paymaster;
        uint256 maxFeePerGas;
        uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas;
    }
    struct UserOpInfo {
        MemoryUserOp mUserOp;
        bytes32 userOpHash;
        uint256 prefund;
        uint256 contextOffset;
        uint256 preOpGas;
    }
    /**
     * Inner function to handle a UserOperation.
     * Must be declared "external" to open a call context, but it can only be called by handleOps.
     * @param callData - The callData to execute.
     * @param opInfo   - The UserOpInfo struct.
     * @param context  - The context bytes.
     * @return actualGasCost - the actual cost in eth this UserOperation paid for gas
     */
    function innerHandleOp(
        bytes memory callData,
        UserOpInfo memory opInfo,
        bytes calldata context
    ) external returns (uint256 actualGasCost) {
        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
        require(msg.sender == address(this), "AA92 internal call only");
        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
        uint256 callGasLimit = mUserOp.callGasLimit;
        unchecked {
            // handleOps was called with gas limit too low. abort entire bundle.
            if (
                gasleft() * 63 / 64 <
                callGasLimit +
                mUserOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit +
                INNER_GAS_OVERHEAD
            ) {
                assembly ("memory-safe") {
                    mstore(0, INNER_OUT_OF_GAS)
                    revert(0, 32)
                }
            }
        }
        IPaymaster.PostOpMode mode = IPaymaster.PostOpMode.opSucceeded;
        if (callData.length > 0) {
            bool success = Exec.call(mUserOp.sender, 0, callData, callGasLimit);
            if (!success) {
                bytes memory result = Exec.getReturnData(REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN);
                if (result.length > 0) {
                    emit UserOperationRevertReason(
                        opInfo.userOpHash,
                        mUserOp.sender,
                        mUserOp.nonce,
                        result
                    );
                }
                mode = IPaymaster.PostOpMode.opReverted;
            }
        }
        unchecked {
            uint256 actualGas = preGas - gasleft() + opInfo.preOpGas;
            return _postExecution(mode, opInfo, context, actualGas);
        }
    }
    /// @inheritdoc IEntryPoint
    function getUserOpHash(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp
    ) public view returns (bytes32) {
        return
            keccak256(abi.encode(userOp.hash(), address(this), block.chainid));
    }
    /**
     * Copy general fields from userOp into the memory opInfo structure.
     * @param userOp  - The user operation.
     * @param mUserOp - The memory user operation.
     */
    function _copyUserOpToMemory(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp,
        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp
    ) internal pure {
        mUserOp.sender = userOp.sender;
        mUserOp.nonce = userOp.nonce;
        (mUserOp.verificationGasLimit, mUserOp.callGasLimit) = UserOperationLib.unpackUints(userOp.accountGasLimits);
        mUserOp.preVerificationGas = userOp.preVerificationGas;
        (mUserOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas, mUserOp.maxFeePerGas) = UserOperationLib.unpackUints(userOp.gasFees);
        bytes calldata paymasterAndData = userOp.paymasterAndData;
        if (paymasterAndData.length > 0) {
            require(
                paymasterAndData.length >= UserOperationLib.PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET,
                "AA93 invalid paymasterAndData"
            );
            (mUserOp.paymaster, mUserOp.paymasterVerificationGasLimit, mUserOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit) = UserOperationLib.unpackPaymasterStaticFields(paymasterAndData);
        } else {
            mUserOp.paymaster = address(0);
            mUserOp.paymasterVerificationGasLimit = 0;
            mUserOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit = 0;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Get the required prefunded gas fee amount for an operation.
     * @param mUserOp - The user operation in memory.
     */
    function _getRequiredPrefund(
        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 requiredPrefund) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 requiredGas = mUserOp.verificationGasLimit +
                mUserOp.callGasLimit +
                mUserOp.paymasterVerificationGasLimit +
                mUserOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit +
                mUserOp.preVerificationGas;
            requiredPrefund = requiredGas * mUserOp.maxFeePerGas;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Create sender smart contract account if init code is provided.
     * @param opIndex  - The operation index.
     * @param opInfo   - The operation info.
     * @param initCode - The init code for the smart contract account.
     */
    function _createSenderIfNeeded(
        uint256 opIndex,
        UserOpInfo memory opInfo,
        bytes calldata initCode
    ) internal {
        if (initCode.length != 0) {
            address sender = opInfo.mUserOp.sender;
            if (sender.code.length != 0)
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA10 sender already constructed");
            address sender1 = senderCreator().createSender{
                gas: opInfo.mUserOp.verificationGasLimit
            }(initCode);
            if (sender1 == address(0))
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA13 initCode failed or OOG");
            if (sender1 != sender)
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA14 initCode must return sender");
            if (sender1.code.length == 0)
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA15 initCode must create sender");
            address factory = address(bytes20(initCode[0:20]));
            emit AccountDeployed(
                opInfo.userOpHash,
                sender,
                factory,
                opInfo.mUserOp.paymaster
            );
        }
    }
    /// @inheritdoc IEntryPoint
    function getSenderAddress(bytes calldata initCode) public {
        address sender = senderCreator().createSender(initCode);
        revert SenderAddressResult(sender);
    }
    /**
     * Call account.validateUserOp.
     * Revert (with FailedOp) in case validateUserOp reverts, or account didn't send required prefund.
     * Decrement account's deposit if needed.
     * @param opIndex         - The operation index.
     * @param op              - The user operation.
     * @param opInfo          - The operation info.
     * @param requiredPrefund - The required prefund amount.
     */
    function _validateAccountPrepayment(
        uint256 opIndex,
        PackedUserOperation calldata op,
        UserOpInfo memory opInfo,
        uint256 requiredPrefund,
        uint256 verificationGasLimit
    )
        internal
        returns (
            uint256 validationData
        )
    {
        unchecked {
            MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
            address sender = mUserOp.sender;
            _createSenderIfNeeded(opIndex, opInfo, op.initCode);
            address paymaster = mUserOp.paymaster;
            uint256 missingAccountFunds = 0;
            if (paymaster == address(0)) {
                uint256 bal = balanceOf(sender);
                missingAccountFunds = bal > requiredPrefund
                    ? 0
                    : requiredPrefund - bal;
            }
            try
                IAccount(sender).validateUserOp{
                    gas: verificationGasLimit
                }(op, opInfo.userOpHash, missingAccountFunds)
            returns (uint256 _validationData) {
                validationData = _validationData;
            } catch {
                revert FailedOpWithRevert(opIndex, "AA23 reverted", Exec.getReturnData(REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN));
            }
            if (paymaster == address(0)) {
                DepositInfo storage senderInfo = deposits[sender];
                uint256 deposit = senderInfo.deposit;
                if (requiredPrefund > deposit) {
                    revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA21 didn't pay prefund");
                }
                senderInfo.deposit = deposit - requiredPrefund;
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * In case the request has a paymaster:
     *  - Validate paymaster has enough deposit.
     *  - Call paymaster.validatePaymasterUserOp.
     *  - Revert with proper FailedOp in case paymaster reverts.
     *  - Decrement paymaster's deposit.
     * @param opIndex                            - The operation index.
     * @param op                                 - The user operation.
     * @param opInfo                             - The operation info.
     * @param requiredPreFund                    - The required prefund amount.
     */
    function _validatePaymasterPrepayment(
        uint256 opIndex,
        PackedUserOperation calldata op,
        UserOpInfo memory opInfo,
        uint256 requiredPreFund
    ) internal returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 preGas = gasleft();
            MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
            address paymaster = mUserOp.paymaster;
            DepositInfo storage paymasterInfo = deposits[paymaster];
            uint256 deposit = paymasterInfo.deposit;
            if (deposit < requiredPreFund) {
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA31 paymaster deposit too low");
            }
            paymasterInfo.deposit = deposit - requiredPreFund;
            uint256 pmVerificationGasLimit = mUserOp.paymasterVerificationGasLimit;
            try
                IPaymaster(paymaster).validatePaymasterUserOp{gas: pmVerificationGasLimit}(
                    op,
                    opInfo.userOpHash,
                    requiredPreFund
                )
            returns (bytes memory _context, uint256 _validationData) {
                context = _context;
                validationData = _validationData;
            } catch {
                revert FailedOpWithRevert(opIndex, "AA33 reverted", Exec.getReturnData(REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN));
            }
            if (preGas - gasleft() > pmVerificationGasLimit) {
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA36 over paymasterVerificationGasLimit");
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * Revert if either account validationData or paymaster validationData is expired.
     * @param opIndex                 - The operation index.
     * @param validationData          - The account validationData.
     * @param paymasterValidationData - The paymaster validationData.
     * @param expectedAggregator      - The expected aggregator.
     */
    function _validateAccountAndPaymasterValidationData(
        uint256 opIndex,
        uint256 validationData,
        uint256 paymasterValidationData,
        address expectedAggregator
    ) internal view {
        (address aggregator, bool outOfTimeRange) = _getValidationData(
            validationData
        );
        if (expectedAggregator != aggregator) {
            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA24 signature error");
        }
        if (outOfTimeRange) {
            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA22 expired or not due");
        }
        // pmAggregator is not a real signature aggregator: we don't have logic to handle it as address.
        // Non-zero address means that the paymaster fails due to some signature check (which is ok only during estimation).
        address pmAggregator;
        (pmAggregator, outOfTimeRange) = _getValidationData(
            paymasterValidationData
        );
        if (pmAggregator != address(0)) {
            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA34 signature error");
        }
        if (outOfTimeRange) {
            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA32 paymaster expired or not due");
        }
    }
    /**
     * Parse validationData into its components.
     * @param validationData - The packed validation data (sigFailed, validAfter, validUntil).
     * @return aggregator the aggregator of the validationData
     * @return outOfTimeRange true if current time is outside the time range of this validationData.
     */
    function _getValidationData(
        uint256 validationData
    ) internal view returns (address aggregator, bool outOfTimeRange) {
        if (validationData == 0) {
            return (address(0), false);
        }
        ValidationData memory data = _parseValidationData(validationData);
        // solhint-disable-next-line not-rely-on-time
        outOfTimeRange = block.timestamp > data.validUntil || block.timestamp < data.validAfter;
        aggregator = data.aggregator;
    }
    /**
     * Validate account and paymaster (if defined) and
     * also make sure total validation doesn't exceed verificationGasLimit.
     * This method is called off-chain (simulateValidation()) and on-chain (from handleOps)
     * @param opIndex - The index of this userOp into the "opInfos" array.
     * @param userOp  - The userOp to validate.
     */
    function _validatePrepayment(
        uint256 opIndex,
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp,
        UserOpInfo memory outOpInfo
    )
        internal
        returns (uint256 validationData, uint256 paymasterValidationData)
    {
        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = outOpInfo.mUserOp;
        _copyUserOpToMemory(userOp, mUserOp);
        outOpInfo.userOpHash = getUserOpHash(userOp);
        // Validate all numeric values in userOp are well below 128 bit, so they can safely be added
        // and multiplied without causing overflow.
        uint256 verificationGasLimit = mUserOp.verificationGasLimit;
        uint256 maxGasValues = mUserOp.preVerificationGas |
            verificationGasLimit |
            mUserOp.callGasLimit |
            mUserOp.paymasterVerificationGasLimit |
            mUserOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit |
            mUserOp.maxFeePerGas |
            mUserOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas;
        require(maxGasValues <= type(uint120).max, "AA94 gas values overflow");
        uint256 requiredPreFund = _getRequiredPrefund(mUserOp);
        validationData = _validateAccountPrepayment(
            opIndex,
            userOp,
            outOpInfo,
            requiredPreFund,
            verificationGasLimit
        );
        if (!_validateAndUpdateNonce(mUserOp.sender, mUserOp.nonce)) {
            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA25 invalid account nonce");
        }
        unchecked {
            if (preGas - gasleft() > verificationGasLimit) {
                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA26 over verificationGasLimit");
            }
        }
        bytes memory context;
        if (mUserOp.paymaster != address(0)) {
            (context, paymasterValidationData) = _validatePaymasterPrepayment(
                opIndex,
                userOp,
                outOpInfo,
                requiredPreFund
            );
        }
        unchecked {
            outOpInfo.prefund = requiredPreFund;
            outOpInfo.contextOffset = getOffsetOfMemoryBytes(context);
            outOpInfo.preOpGas = preGas - gasleft() + userOp.preVerificationGas;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Process post-operation, called just after the callData is executed.
     * If a paymaster is defined and its validation returned a non-empty context, its postOp is called.
     * The excess amount is refunded to the account (or paymaster - if it was used in the request).
     * @param mode      - Whether is called from innerHandleOp, or outside (postOpReverted).
     * @param opInfo    - UserOp fields and info collected during validation.
     * @param context   - The context returned in validatePaymasterUserOp.
     * @param actualGas - The gas used so far by this user operation.
     */
    function _postExecution(
        IPaymaster.PostOpMode mode,
        UserOpInfo memory opInfo,
        bytes memory context,
        uint256 actualGas
    ) private returns (uint256 actualGasCost) {
        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
        unchecked {
            address refundAddress;
            MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
            uint256 gasPrice = getUserOpGasPrice(mUserOp);
            address paymaster = mUserOp.paymaster;
            if (paymaster == address(0)) {
                refundAddress = mUserOp.sender;
            } else {
                refundAddress = paymaster;
                if (context.length > 0) {
                    actualGasCost = actualGas * gasPrice;
                    if (mode != IPaymaster.PostOpMode.postOpReverted) {
                        try IPaymaster(paymaster).postOp{
                            gas: mUserOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit
                        }(mode, context, actualGasCost, gasPrice)
                        // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
                        {} catch {
                            bytes memory reason = Exec.getReturnData(REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN);
                            revert PostOpReverted(reason);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            actualGas += preGas - gasleft();
            // Calculating a penalty for unused execution gas
            {
                uint256 executionGasLimit = mUserOp.callGasLimit + mUserOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit;
                uint256 executionGasUsed = actualGas - opInfo.preOpGas;
                // this check is required for the gas used within EntryPoint and not covered by explicit gas limits
                if (executionGasLimit > executionGasUsed) {
                    uint256 unusedGas = executionGasLimit - executionGasUsed;
                    uint256 unusedGasPenalty = (unusedGas * PENALTY_PERCENT) / 100;
                    actualGas += unusedGasPenalty;
                }
            }
            actualGasCost = actualGas * gasPrice;
            uint256 prefund = opInfo.prefund;
            if (prefund < actualGasCost) {
                if (mode == IPaymaster.PostOpMode.postOpReverted) {
                    actualGasCost = prefund;
                    emitPrefundTooLow(opInfo);
                    emitUserOperationEvent(opInfo, false, actualGasCost, actualGas);
                } else {
                    assembly ("memory-safe") {
                        mstore(0, INNER_REVERT_LOW_PREFUND)
                        revert(0, 32)
                    }
                }
            } else {
                uint256 refund = prefund - actualGasCost;
                _incrementDeposit(refundAddress, refund);
                bool success = mode == IPaymaster.PostOpMode.opSucceeded;
                emitUserOperationEvent(opInfo, success, actualGasCost, actualGas);
            }
        } // unchecked
    }
    /**
     * The gas price this UserOp agrees to pay.
     * Relayer/block builder might submit the TX with higher priorityFee, but the user should not.
     * @param mUserOp - The userOp to get the gas price from.
     */
    function getUserOpGasPrice(
        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp
    ) internal view returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 maxFeePerGas = mUserOp.maxFeePerGas;
            uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas = mUserOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas;
            if (maxFeePerGas == maxPriorityFeePerGas) {
                //legacy mode (for networks that don't support basefee opcode)
                return maxFeePerGas;
            }
            return min(maxFeePerGas, maxPriorityFeePerGas + block.basefee);
        }
    }
    /**
     * The offset of the given bytes in memory.
     * @param data - The bytes to get the offset of.
     */
    function getOffsetOfMemoryBytes(
        bytes memory data
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 offset) {
        assembly {
            offset := data
        }
    }
    /**
     * The bytes in memory at the given offset.
     * @param offset - The offset to get the bytes from.
     */
    function getMemoryBytesFromOffset(
        uint256 offset
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory data) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            data := offset
        }
    }
    /// @inheritdoc IEntryPoint
    function delegateAndRevert(address target, bytes calldata data) external {
        (bool success, bytes memory ret) = target.delegatecall(data);
        revert DelegateAndRevert(success, ret);
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.23;
/* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
 /*
  * For simulation purposes, validateUserOp (and validatePaymasterUserOp)
  * must return this value in case of signature failure, instead of revert.
  */
uint256 constant SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED = 1;
/*
 * For simulation purposes, validateUserOp (and validatePaymasterUserOp)
 * return this value on success.
 */
uint256 constant SIG_VALIDATION_SUCCESS = 0;
/**
 * Returned data from validateUserOp.
 * validateUserOp returns a uint256, which is created by `_packedValidationData` and
 * parsed by `_parseValidationData`.
 * @param aggregator  - address(0) - The account validated the signature by itself.
 *                      address(1) - The account failed to validate the signature.
 *                      otherwise - This is an address of a signature aggregator that must
 *                                  be used to validate the signature.
 * @param validAfter  - This UserOp is valid only after this timestamp.
 * @param validaUntil - This UserOp is valid only up to this timestamp.
 */
struct ValidationData {
    address aggregator;
    uint48 validAfter;
    uint48 validUntil;
}
/**
 * Extract sigFailed, validAfter, validUntil.
 * Also convert zero validUntil to type(uint48).max.
 * @param validationData - The packed validation data.
 */
function _parseValidationData(
    uint256 validationData
) pure returns (ValidationData memory data) {
    address aggregator = address(uint160(validationData));
    uint48 validUntil = uint48(validationData >> 160);
    if (validUntil == 0) {
        validUntil = type(uint48).max;
    }
    uint48 validAfter = uint48(validationData >> (48 + 160));
    return ValidationData(aggregator, validAfter, validUntil);
}
/**
 * Helper to pack the return value for validateUserOp.
 * @param data - The ValidationData to pack.
 */
function _packValidationData(
    ValidationData memory data
) pure returns (uint256) {
    return
        uint160(data.aggregator) |
        (uint256(data.validUntil) << 160) |
        (uint256(data.validAfter) << (160 + 48));
}
/**
 * Helper to pack the return value for validateUserOp, when not using an aggregator.
 * @param sigFailed  - True for signature failure, false for success.
 * @param validUntil - Last timestamp this UserOperation is valid (or zero for infinite).
 * @param validAfter - First timestamp this UserOperation is valid.
 */
function _packValidationData(
    bool sigFailed,
    uint48 validUntil,
    uint48 validAfter
) pure returns (uint256) {
    return
        (sigFailed ? 1 : 0) |
        (uint256(validUntil) << 160) |
        (uint256(validAfter) << (160 + 48));
}
/**
 * keccak function over calldata.
 * @dev copy calldata into memory, do keccak and drop allocated memory. Strangely, this is more efficient than letting solidity do it.
 */
    function calldataKeccak(bytes calldata data) pure returns (bytes32 ret) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let mem := mload(0x40)
            let len := data.length
            calldatacopy(mem, data.offset, len)
            ret := keccak256(mem, len)
        }
    }
/**
 * The minimum of two numbers.
 * @param a - First number.
 * @param b - Second number.
 */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.23;
import "../interfaces/INonceManager.sol";
/**
 * nonce management functionality
 */
abstract contract NonceManager is INonceManager {
    /**
     * The next valid sequence number for a given nonce key.
     */
    mapping(address => mapping(uint192 => uint256)) public nonceSequenceNumber;
    /// @inheritdoc INonceManager
    function getNonce(address sender, uint192 key)
    public view override returns (uint256 nonce) {
        return nonceSequenceNumber[sender][key] | (uint256(key) << 64);
    }
    // allow an account to manually increment its own nonce.
    // (mainly so that during construction nonce can be made non-zero,
    // to "absorb" the gas cost of first nonce increment to 1st transaction (construction),
    // not to 2nd transaction)
    function incrementNonce(uint192 key) public override {
        nonceSequenceNumber[msg.sender][key]++;
    }
    /**
     * validate nonce uniqueness for this account.
     * called just after validateUserOp()
     * @return true if the nonce was incremented successfully.
     *         false if the current nonce doesn't match the given one.
     */
    function _validateAndUpdateNonce(address sender, uint256 nonce) internal returns (bool) {
        uint192 key = uint192(nonce >> 64);
        uint64 seq = uint64(nonce);
        return nonceSequenceNumber[sender][key]++ == seq;
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.23;
/**
 * Helper contract for EntryPoint, to call userOp.initCode from a "neutral" address,
 * which is explicitly not the entryPoint itself.
 */
contract SenderCreator {
    /**
     * Call the "initCode" factory to create and return the sender account address.
     * @param initCode - The initCode value from a UserOp. contains 20 bytes of factory address,
     *                   followed by calldata.
     * @return sender  - The returned address of the created account, or zero address on failure.
     */
    function createSender(
        bytes calldata initCode
    ) external returns (address sender) {
        address factory = address(bytes20(initCode[0:20]));
        bytes memory initCallData = initCode[20:];
        bool success;
        /* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            success := call(
                gas(),
                factory,
                0,
                add(initCallData, 0x20),
                mload(initCallData),
                0,
                32
            )
            sender := mload(0)
        }
        if (!success) {
            sender = address(0);
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity ^0.8.23;
import "../interfaces/IStakeManager.sol";
/* solhint-disable avoid-low-level-calls */
/* solhint-disable not-rely-on-time */
/**
 * Manage deposits and stakes.
 * Deposit is just a balance used to pay for UserOperations (either by a paymaster or an account).
 * Stake is value locked for at least "unstakeDelay" by a paymaster.
 */
abstract contract StakeManager is IStakeManager {
    /// maps paymaster to their deposits and stakes
    mapping(address => DepositInfo) public deposits;
    /// @inheritdoc IStakeManager
    function getDepositInfo(
        address account
    ) public view returns (DepositInfo memory info) {
        return deposits[account];
    }
    /**
     * Internal method to return just the stake info.
     * @param addr - The account to query.
     */
    function _getStakeInfo(
        address addr
    ) internal view returns (StakeInfo memory info) {
        DepositInfo storage depositInfo = deposits[addr];
        info.stake = depositInfo.stake;
        info.unstakeDelaySec = depositInfo.unstakeDelaySec;
    }
    /// @inheritdoc IStakeManager
    function balanceOf(address account) public view returns (uint256) {
        return deposits[account].deposit;
    }
    receive() external payable {
        depositTo(msg.sender);
    }
    /**
     * Increments an account's deposit.
     * @param account - The account to increment.
     * @param amount  - The amount to increment by.
     * @return the updated deposit of this account
     */
    function _incrementDeposit(address account, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256) {
        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[account];
        uint256 newAmount = info.deposit + amount;
        info.deposit = newAmount;
        return newAmount;
    }
    /**
     * Add to the deposit of the given account.
     * @param account - The account to add to.
     */
    function depositTo(address account) public virtual payable {
        uint256 newDeposit = _incrementDeposit(account, msg.value);
        emit Deposited(account, newDeposit);
    }
    /**
     * Add to the account's stake - amount and delay
     * any pending unstake is first cancelled.
     * @param unstakeDelaySec The new lock duration before the deposit can be withdrawn.
     */
    function addStake(uint32 unstakeDelaySec) public payable {
        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
        require(unstakeDelaySec > 0, "must specify unstake delay");
        require(
            unstakeDelaySec >= info.unstakeDelaySec,
            "cannot decrease unstake time"
        );
        uint256 stake = info.stake + msg.value;
        require(stake > 0, "no stake specified");
        require(stake <= type(uint112).max, "stake overflow");
        deposits[msg.sender] = DepositInfo(
            info.deposit,
            true,
            uint112(stake),
            unstakeDelaySec,
            0
        );
        emit StakeLocked(msg.sender, stake, unstakeDelaySec);
    }
    /**
     * Attempt to unlock the stake.
     * The value can be withdrawn (using withdrawStake) after the unstake delay.
     */
    function unlockStake() external {
        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
        require(info.unstakeDelaySec != 0, "not staked");
        require(info.staked, "already unstaking");
        uint48 withdrawTime = uint48(block.timestamp) + info.unstakeDelaySec;
        info.withdrawTime = withdrawTime;
        info.staked = false;
        emit StakeUnlocked(msg.sender, withdrawTime);
    }
    /**
     * Withdraw from the (unlocked) stake.
     * Must first call unlockStake and wait for the unstakeDelay to pass.
     * @param withdrawAddress - The address to send withdrawn value.
     */
    function withdrawStake(address payable withdrawAddress) external {
        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
        uint256 stake = info.stake;
        require(stake > 0, "No stake to withdraw");
        require(info.withdrawTime > 0, "must call unlockStake() first");
        require(
            info.withdrawTime <= block.timestamp,
            "Stake withdrawal is not due"
        );
        info.unstakeDelaySec = 0;
        info.withdrawTime = 0;
        info.stake = 0;
        emit StakeWithdrawn(msg.sender, withdrawAddress, stake);
        (bool success,) = withdrawAddress.call{value: stake}("");
        require(success, "failed to withdraw stake");
    }
    /**
     * Withdraw from the deposit.
     * @param withdrawAddress - The address to send withdrawn value.
     * @param withdrawAmount  - The amount to withdraw.
     */
    function withdrawTo(
        address payable withdrawAddress,
        uint256 withdrawAmount
    ) external {
        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
        require(withdrawAmount <= info.deposit, "Withdraw amount too large");
        info.deposit = info.deposit - withdrawAmount;
        emit Withdrawn(msg.sender, withdrawAddress, withdrawAmount);
        (bool success,) = withdrawAddress.call{value: withdrawAmount}("");
        require(success, "failed to withdraw");
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.23;
/* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
import "../interfaces/PackedUserOperation.sol";
import {calldataKeccak, min} from "./Helpers.sol";
/**
 * Utility functions helpful when working with UserOperation structs.
 */
library UserOperationLib {
    uint256 public constant PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET = 20;
    uint256 public constant PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET = 36;
    uint256 public constant PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET = 52;
    /**
     * Get sender from user operation data.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function getSender(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        address data;
        //read sender from userOp, which is first userOp member (saves 800 gas...)
        assembly {
            data := calldataload(userOp)
        }
        return address(uint160(data));
    }
    /**
     * Relayer/block builder might submit the TX with higher priorityFee,
     * but the user should not pay above what he signed for.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function gasPrice(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp
    ) internal view returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            (uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas, uint256 maxFeePerGas) = unpackUints(userOp.gasFees);
            if (maxFeePerGas == maxPriorityFeePerGas) {
                //legacy mode (for networks that don't support basefee opcode)
                return maxFeePerGas;
            }
            return min(maxFeePerGas, maxPriorityFeePerGas + block.basefee);
        }
    }
    /**
     * Pack the user operation data into bytes for hashing.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function encode(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory ret) {
        address sender = getSender(userOp);
        uint256 nonce = userOp.nonce;
        bytes32 hashInitCode = calldataKeccak(userOp.initCode);
        bytes32 hashCallData = calldataKeccak(userOp.callData);
        bytes32 accountGasLimits = userOp.accountGasLimits;
        uint256 preVerificationGas = userOp.preVerificationGas;
        bytes32 gasFees = userOp.gasFees;
        bytes32 hashPaymasterAndData = calldataKeccak(userOp.paymasterAndData);
        return abi.encode(
            sender, nonce,
            hashInitCode, hashCallData,
            accountGasLimits, preVerificationGas, gasFees,
            hashPaymasterAndData
        );
    }
    function unpackUints(
        bytes32 packed
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 high128, uint256 low128) {
        return (uint128(bytes16(packed)), uint128(uint256(packed)));
    }
    //unpack just the high 128-bits from a packed value
    function unpackHigh128(bytes32 packed) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(packed) >> 128;
    }
    // unpack just the low 128-bits from a packed value
    function unpackLow128(bytes32 packed) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint128(uint256(packed));
    }
    function unpackMaxPriorityFeePerGas(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp)
    internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackHigh128(userOp.gasFees);
    }
    function unpackMaxFeePerGas(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp)
    internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackLow128(userOp.gasFees);
    }
    function unpackVerificationGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp)
    internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackHigh128(userOp.accountGasLimits);
    }
    function unpackCallGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp)
    internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackLow128(userOp.accountGasLimits);
    }
    function unpackPaymasterVerificationGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp)
    internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint128(bytes16(userOp.paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET : PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET]));
    }
    function unpackPostOpGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp)
    internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint128(bytes16(userOp.paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET : PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET]));
    }
    function unpackPaymasterStaticFields(
        bytes calldata paymasterAndData
    ) internal pure returns (address paymaster, uint256 validationGasLimit, uint256 postOpGasLimit) {
        return (
            address(bytes20(paymasterAndData[: PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET])),
            uint128(bytes16(paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET : PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET])),
            uint128(bytes16(paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET : PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET]))
        );
    }
    /**
     * Hash the user operation data.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function hash(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp
    ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(encode(userOp));
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
interface IAccount {
    /**
     * Validate user's signature and nonce
     * the entryPoint will make the call to the recipient only if this validation call returns successfully.
     * signature failure should be reported by returning SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED (1).
     * This allows making a "simulation call" without a valid signature
     * Other failures (e.g. nonce mismatch, or invalid signature format) should still revert to signal failure.
     *
     * @dev Must validate caller is the entryPoint.
     *      Must validate the signature and nonce
     * @param userOp              - The operation that is about to be executed.
     * @param userOpHash          - Hash of the user's request data. can be used as the basis for signature.
     * @param missingAccountFunds - Missing funds on the account's deposit in the entrypoint.
     *                              This is the minimum amount to transfer to the sender(entryPoint) to be
     *                              able to make the call. The excess is left as a deposit in the entrypoint
     *                              for future calls. Can be withdrawn anytime using "entryPoint.withdrawTo()".
     *                              In case there is a paymaster in the request (or the current deposit is high
     *                              enough), this value will be zero.
     * @return validationData       - Packaged ValidationData structure. use `_packValidationData` and
     *                              `_unpackValidationData` to encode and decode.
     *                              <20-byte> sigAuthorizer - 0 for valid signature, 1 to mark signature failure,
     *                                 otherwise, an address of an "authorizer" contract.
     *                              <6-byte> validUntil - Last timestamp this operation is valid. 0 for "indefinite"
     *                              <6-byte> validAfter - First timestamp this operation is valid
     *                                                    If an account doesn't use time-range, it is enough to
     *                                                    return SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED value (1) for signature failure.
     *                              Note that the validation code cannot use block.timestamp (or block.number) directly.
     */
    function validateUserOp(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp,
        bytes32 userOpHash,
        uint256 missingAccountFunds
    ) external returns (uint256 validationData);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
interface IAccountExecute {
    /**
     * Account may implement this execute method.
     * passing this methodSig at the beginning of callData will cause the entryPoint to pass the full UserOp (and hash)
     * to the account.
     * The account should skip the methodSig, and use the callData (and optionally, other UserOp fields)
     *
     * @param userOp              - The operation that was just validated.
     * @param userOpHash          - Hash of the user's request data.
     */
    function executeUserOp(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp,
        bytes32 userOpHash
    ) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
/**
 * Aggregated Signatures validator.
 */
interface IAggregator {
    /**
     * Validate aggregated signature.
     * Revert if the aggregated signature does not match the given list of operations.
     * @param userOps   - Array of UserOperations to validate the signature for.
     * @param signature - The aggregated signature.
     */
    function validateSignatures(
        PackedUserOperation[] calldata userOps,
        bytes calldata signature
    ) external view;
    /**
     * Validate signature of a single userOp.
     * This method should be called by bundler after EntryPointSimulation.simulateValidation() returns
     * the aggregator this account uses.
     * First it validates the signature over the userOp. Then it returns data to be used when creating the handleOps.
     * @param userOp        - The userOperation received from the user.
     * @return sigForUserOp - The value to put into the signature field of the userOp when calling handleOps.
     *                        (usually empty, unless account and aggregator support some kind of "multisig".
     */
    function validateUserOpSignature(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp
    ) external view returns (bytes memory sigForUserOp);
    /**
     * Aggregate multiple signatures into a single value.
     * This method is called off-chain to calculate the signature to pass with handleOps()
     * bundler MAY use optimized custom code perform this aggregation.
     * @param userOps              - Array of UserOperations to collect the signatures from.
     * @return aggregatedSignature - The aggregated signature.
     */
    function aggregateSignatures(
        PackedUserOperation[] calldata userOps
    ) external view returns (bytes memory aggregatedSignature);
}
/**
 ** Account-Abstraction (EIP-4337) singleton EntryPoint implementation.
 ** Only one instance required on each chain.
 **/
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
/* solhint-disable avoid-low-level-calls */
/* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
/* solhint-disable reason-string */
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
import "./IStakeManager.sol";
import "./IAggregator.sol";
import "./INonceManager.sol";
interface IEntryPoint is IStakeManager, INonceManager {
    /***
     * An event emitted after each successful request.
     * @param userOpHash    - Unique identifier for the request (hash its entire content, except signature).
     * @param sender        - The account that generates this request.
     * @param paymaster     - If non-null, the paymaster that pays for this request.
     * @param nonce         - The nonce value from the request.
     * @param success       - True if the sender transaction succeeded, false if reverted.
     * @param actualGasCost - Actual amount paid (by account or paymaster) for this UserOperation.
     * @param actualGasUsed - Total gas used by this UserOperation (including preVerification, creation,
     *                        validation and execution).
     */
    event UserOperationEvent(
        bytes32 indexed userOpHash,
        address indexed sender,
        address indexed paymaster,
        uint256 nonce,
        bool success,
        uint256 actualGasCost,
        uint256 actualGasUsed
    );
    /**
     * Account "sender" was deployed.
     * @param userOpHash - The userOp that deployed this account. UserOperationEvent will follow.
     * @param sender     - The account that is deployed
     * @param factory    - The factory used to deploy this account (in the initCode)
     * @param paymaster  - The paymaster used by this UserOp
     */
    event AccountDeployed(
        bytes32 indexed userOpHash,
        address indexed sender,
        address factory,
        address paymaster
    );
    /**
     * An event emitted if the UserOperation "callData" reverted with non-zero length.
     * @param userOpHash   - The request unique identifier.
     * @param sender       - The sender of this request.
     * @param nonce        - The nonce used in the request.
     * @param revertReason - The return bytes from the (reverted) call to "callData".
     */
    event UserOperationRevertReason(
        bytes32 indexed userOpHash,
        address indexed sender,
        uint256 nonce,
        bytes revertReason
    );
    /**
     * An event emitted if the UserOperation Paymaster's "postOp" call reverted with non-zero length.
     * @param userOpHash   - The request unique identifier.
     * @param sender       - The sender of this request.
     * @param nonce        - The nonce used in the request.
     * @param revertReason - The return bytes from the (reverted) call to "callData".
     */
    event PostOpRevertReason(
        bytes32 indexed userOpHash,
        address indexed sender,
        uint256 nonce,
        bytes revertReason
    );
    /**
     * UserOp consumed more than prefund. The UserOperation is reverted, and no refund is made.
     * @param userOpHash   - The request unique identifier.
     * @param sender       - The sender of this request.
     * @param nonce        - The nonce used in the request.
     */
    event UserOperationPrefundTooLow(
        bytes32 indexed userOpHash,
        address indexed sender,
        uint256 nonce
    );
    /**
     * An event emitted by handleOps(), before starting the execution loop.
     * Any event emitted before this event, is part of the validation.
     */
    event BeforeExecution();
    /**
     * Signature aggregator used by the following UserOperationEvents within this bundle.
     * @param aggregator - The aggregator used for the following UserOperationEvents.
     */
    event SignatureAggregatorChanged(address indexed aggregator);
    /**
     * A custom revert error of handleOps, to identify the offending op.
     * Should be caught in off-chain handleOps simulation and not happen on-chain.
     * Useful for mitigating DoS attempts against batchers or for troubleshooting of factory/account/paymaster reverts.
     * NOTE: If simulateValidation passes successfully, there should be no reason for handleOps to fail on it.
     * @param opIndex - Index into the array of ops to the failed one (in simulateValidation, this is always zero).
     * @param reason  - Revert reason. The string starts with a unique code "AAmn",
     *                  where "m" is "1" for factory, "2" for account and "3" for paymaster issues,
     *                  so a failure can be attributed to the correct entity.
     */
    error FailedOp(uint256 opIndex, string reason);
    /**
     * A custom revert error of handleOps, to report a revert by account or paymaster.
     * @param opIndex - Index into the array of ops to the failed one (in simulateValidation, this is always zero).
     * @param reason  - Revert reason. see FailedOp(uint256,string), above
     * @param inner   - data from inner cought revert reason
     * @dev note that inner is truncated to 2048 bytes
     */
    error FailedOpWithRevert(uint256 opIndex, string reason, bytes inner);
    error PostOpReverted(bytes returnData);
    /**
     * Error case when a signature aggregator fails to verify the aggregated signature it had created.
     * @param aggregator The aggregator that failed to verify the signature
     */
    error SignatureValidationFailed(address aggregator);
    // Return value of getSenderAddress.
    error SenderAddressResult(address sender);
    // UserOps handled, per aggregator.
    struct UserOpsPerAggregator {
        PackedUserOperation[] userOps;
        // Aggregator address
        IAggregator aggregator;
        // Aggregated signature
        bytes signature;
    }
    /**
     * Execute a batch of UserOperations.
     * No signature aggregator is used.
     * If any account requires an aggregator (that is, it returned an aggregator when
     * performing simulateValidation), then handleAggregatedOps() must be used instead.
     * @param ops         - The operations to execute.
     * @param beneficiary - The address to receive the fees.
     */
    function handleOps(
        PackedUserOperation[] calldata ops,
        address payable beneficiary
    ) external;
    /**
     * Execute a batch of UserOperation with Aggregators
     * @param opsPerAggregator - The operations to execute, grouped by aggregator (or address(0) for no-aggregator accounts).
     * @param beneficiary      - The address to receive the fees.
     */
    function handleAggregatedOps(
        UserOpsPerAggregator[] calldata opsPerAggregator,
        address payable beneficiary
    ) external;
    /**
     * Generate a request Id - unique identifier for this request.
     * The request ID is a hash over the content of the userOp (except the signature), the entrypoint and the chainid.
     * @param userOp - The user operation to generate the request ID for.
     * @return hash the hash of this UserOperation
     */
    function getUserOpHash(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp
    ) external view returns (bytes32);
    /**
     * Gas and return values during simulation.
     * @param preOpGas         - The gas used for validation (including preValidationGas)
     * @param prefund          - The required prefund for this operation
     * @param accountValidationData   - returned validationData from account.
     * @param paymasterValidationData - return validationData from paymaster.
     * @param paymasterContext - Returned by validatePaymasterUserOp (to be passed into postOp)
     */
    struct ReturnInfo {
        uint256 preOpGas;
        uint256 prefund;
        uint256 accountValidationData;
        uint256 paymasterValidationData;
        bytes paymasterContext;
    }
    /**
     * Returned aggregated signature info:
     * The aggregator returned by the account, and its current stake.
     */
    struct AggregatorStakeInfo {
        address aggregator;
        StakeInfo stakeInfo;
    }
    /**
     * Get counterfactual sender address.
     * Calculate the sender contract address that will be generated by the initCode and salt in the UserOperation.
     * This method always revert, and returns the address in SenderAddressResult error
     * @param initCode - The constructor code to be passed into the UserOperation.
     */
    function getSenderAddress(bytes memory initCode) external;
    error DelegateAndRevert(bool success, bytes ret);
    /**
     * Helper method for dry-run testing.
     * @dev calling this method, the EntryPoint will make a delegatecall to the given data, and report (via revert) the result.
     *  The method always revert, so is only useful off-chain for dry run calls, in cases where state-override to replace
     *  actual EntryPoint code is less convenient.
     * @param target a target contract to make a delegatecall from entrypoint
     * @param data data to pass to target in a delegatecall
     */
    function delegateAndRevert(address target, bytes calldata data) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
interface INonceManager {
    /**
     * Return the next nonce for this sender.
     * Within a given key, the nonce values are sequenced (starting with zero, and incremented by one on each userop)
     * But UserOp with different keys can come with arbitrary order.
     *
     * @param sender the account address
     * @param key the high 192 bit of the nonce
     * @return nonce a full nonce to pass for next UserOp with this sender.
     */
    function getNonce(address sender, uint192 key)
    external view returns (uint256 nonce);
    /**
     * Manually increment the nonce of the sender.
     * This method is exposed just for completeness..
     * Account does NOT need to call it, neither during validation, nor elsewhere,
     * as the EntryPoint will update the nonce regardless.
     * Possible use-case is call it with various keys to "initialize" their nonces to one, so that future
     * UserOperations will not pay extra for the first transaction with a given key.
     */
    function incrementNonce(uint192 key) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
/**
 * The interface exposed by a paymaster contract, who agrees to pay the gas for user's operations.
 * A paymaster must hold a stake to cover the required entrypoint stake and also the gas for the transaction.
 */
interface IPaymaster {
    enum PostOpMode {
        // User op succeeded.
        opSucceeded,
        // User op reverted. Still has to pay for gas.
        opReverted,
        // Only used internally in the EntryPoint (cleanup after postOp reverts). Never calling paymaster with this value
        postOpReverted
    }
    /**
     * Payment validation: check if paymaster agrees to pay.
     * Must verify sender is the entryPoint.
     * Revert to reject this request.
     * Note that bundlers will reject this method if it changes the state, unless the paymaster is trusted (whitelisted).
     * The paymaster pre-pays using its deposit, and receive back a refund after the postOp method returns.
     * @param userOp          - The user operation.
     * @param userOpHash      - Hash of the user's request data.
     * @param maxCost         - The maximum cost of this transaction (based on maximum gas and gas price from userOp).
     * @return context        - Value to send to a postOp. Zero length to signify postOp is not required.
     * @return validationData - Signature and time-range of this operation, encoded the same as the return
     *                          value of validateUserOperation.
     *                          <20-byte> sigAuthorizer - 0 for valid signature, 1 to mark signature failure,
     *                                                    other values are invalid for paymaster.
     *                          <6-byte> validUntil - last timestamp this operation is valid. 0 for "indefinite"
     *                          <6-byte> validAfter - first timestamp this operation is valid
     *                          Note that the validation code cannot use block.timestamp (or block.number) directly.
     */
    function validatePaymasterUserOp(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp,
        bytes32 userOpHash,
        uint256 maxCost
    ) external returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData);
    /**
     * Post-operation handler.
     * Must verify sender is the entryPoint.
     * @param mode          - Enum with the following options:
     *                        opSucceeded - User operation succeeded.
     *                        opReverted  - User op reverted. The paymaster still has to pay for gas.
     *                        postOpReverted - never passed in a call to postOp().
     * @param context       - The context value returned by validatePaymasterUserOp
     * @param actualGasCost - Actual gas used so far (without this postOp call).
     * @param actualUserOpFeePerGas - the gas price this UserOp pays. This value is based on the UserOp's maxFeePerGas
     *                        and maxPriorityFee (and basefee)
     *                        It is not the same as tx.gasprice, which is what the bundler pays.
     */
    function postOp(
        PostOpMode mode,
        bytes calldata context,
        uint256 actualGasCost,
        uint256 actualUserOpFeePerGas
    ) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
/**
 * Manage deposits and stakes.
 * Deposit is just a balance used to pay for UserOperations (either by a paymaster or an account).
 * Stake is value locked for at least "unstakeDelay" by the staked entity.
 */
interface IStakeManager {
    event Deposited(address indexed account, uint256 totalDeposit);
    event Withdrawn(
        address indexed account,
        address withdrawAddress,
        uint256 amount
    );
    // Emitted when stake or unstake delay are modified.
    event StakeLocked(
        address indexed account,
        uint256 totalStaked,
        uint256 unstakeDelaySec
    );
    // Emitted once a stake is scheduled for withdrawal.
    event StakeUnlocked(address indexed account, uint256 withdrawTime);
    event StakeWithdrawn(
        address indexed account,
        address withdrawAddress,
        uint256 amount
    );
    /**
     * @param deposit         - The entity's deposit.
     * @param staked          - True if this entity is staked.
     * @param stake           - Actual amount of ether staked for this entity.
     * @param unstakeDelaySec - Minimum delay to withdraw the stake.
     * @param withdrawTime    - First block timestamp where 'withdrawStake' will be callable, or zero if already locked.
     * @dev Sizes were chosen so that deposit fits into one cell (used during handleOp)
     *      and the rest fit into a 2nd cell (used during stake/unstake)
     *      - 112 bit allows for 10^15 eth
     *      - 48 bit for full timestamp
     *      - 32 bit allows 150 years for unstake delay
     */
    struct DepositInfo {
        uint256 deposit;
        bool staked;
        uint112 stake;
        uint32 unstakeDelaySec;
        uint48 withdrawTime;
    }
    // API struct used by getStakeInfo and simulateValidation.
    struct StakeInfo {
        uint256 stake;
        uint256 unstakeDelaySec;
    }
    /**
     * Get deposit info.
     * @param account - The account to query.
     * @return info   - Full deposit information of given account.
     */
    function getDepositInfo(
        address account
    ) external view returns (DepositInfo memory info);
    /**
     * Get account balance.
     * @param account - The account to query.
     * @return        - The deposit (for gas payment) of the account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
    /**
     * Add to the deposit of the given account.
     * @param account - The account to add to.
     */
    function depositTo(address account) external payable;
    /**
     * Add to the account's stake - amount and delay
     * any pending unstake is first cancelled.
     * @param _unstakeDelaySec - The new lock duration before the deposit can be withdrawn.
     */
    function addStake(uint32 _unstakeDelaySec) external payable;
    /**
     * Attempt to unlock the stake.
     * The value can be withdrawn (using withdrawStake) after the unstake delay.
     */
    function unlockStake() external;
    /**
     * Withdraw from the (unlocked) stake.
     * Must first call unlockStake and wait for the unstakeDelay to pass.
     * @param withdrawAddress - The address to send withdrawn value.
     */
    function withdrawStake(address payable withdrawAddress) external;
    /**
     * Withdraw from the deposit.
     * @param withdrawAddress - The address to send withdrawn value.
     * @param withdrawAmount  - The amount to withdraw.
     */
    function withdrawTo(
        address payable withdrawAddress,
        uint256 withdrawAmount
    ) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
/**
 * User Operation struct
 * @param sender                - The sender account of this request.
 * @param nonce                 - Unique value the sender uses to verify it is not a replay.
 * @param initCode              - If set, the account contract will be created by this constructor/
 * @param callData              - The method call to execute on this account.
 * @param accountGasLimits      - Packed gas limits for validateUserOp and gas limit passed to the callData method call.
 * @param preVerificationGas    - Gas not calculated by the handleOps method, but added to the gas paid.
 *                                Covers batch overhead.
 * @param gasFees               - packed gas fields maxPriorityFeePerGas and maxFeePerGas - Same as EIP-1559 gas parameters.
 * @param paymasterAndData      - If set, this field holds the paymaster address, verification gas limit, postOp gas limit and paymaster-specific extra data
 *                                The paymaster will pay for the transaction instead of the sender.
 * @param signature             - Sender-verified signature over the entire request, the EntryPoint address and the chain ID.
 */
struct PackedUserOperation {
    address sender;
    uint256 nonce;
    bytes initCode;
    bytes callData;
    bytes32 accountGasLimits;
    uint256 preVerificationGas;
    bytes32 gasFees;
    bytes paymasterAndData;
    bytes signature;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity ^0.8.23;
// solhint-disable no-inline-assembly
/**
 * Utility functions helpful when making different kinds of contract calls in Solidity.
 */
library Exec {
    function call(
        address to,
        uint256 value,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 txGas
    ) internal returns (bool success) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            success := call(txGas, to, value, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
        }
    }
    function staticcall(
        address to,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 txGas
    ) internal view returns (bool success) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            success := staticcall(txGas, to, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
        }
    }
    function delegateCall(
        address to,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 txGas
    ) internal returns (bool success) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            success := delegatecall(txGas, to, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
        }
    }
    // get returned data from last call or calldelegate
    function getReturnData(uint256 maxLen) internal pure returns (bytes memory returnData) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let len := returndatasize()
            if gt(len, maxLen) {
                len := maxLen
            }
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x40, add(ptr, add(len, 0x20)))
            mstore(ptr, len)
            returndatacopy(add(ptr, 0x20), 0, len)
            returnData := ptr
        }
    }
    // revert with explicit byte array (probably reverted info from call)
    function revertWithData(bytes memory returnData) internal pure {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            revert(add(returnData, 32), mload(returnData))
        }
    }
    function callAndRevert(address to, bytes memory data, uint256 maxLen) internal {
        bool success = call(to,0,data,gasleft());
        if (!success) {
            revertWithData(getReturnData(maxLen));
        }
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.4.17;

/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
 */
library SafeMath {
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        uint256 c = a * b;
        assert(c / a == b);
        return c;
    }

    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // assert(b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
        uint256 c = a / b;
        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
        return c;
    }

    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        assert(b <= a);
        return a - b;
    }

    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 c = a + b;
        assert(c >= a);
        return c;
    }
}

/**
 * @title Ownable
 * @dev The Ownable contract has an owner address, and provides basic authorization control
 * functions, this simplifies the implementation of "user permissions".
 */
contract Ownable {
    address public owner;

    /**
      * @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
      * account.
      */
    function Ownable() public {
        owner = msg.sender;
    }

    /**
      * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
      */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(msg.sender == owner);
        _;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
    * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
    */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner != address(0)) {
            owner = newOwner;
        }
    }

}

/**
 * @title ERC20Basic
 * @dev Simpler version of ERC20 interface
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20
 */
contract ERC20Basic {
    uint public _totalSupply;
    function totalSupply() public constant returns (uint);
    function balanceOf(address who) public constant returns (uint);
    function transfer(address to, uint value) public;
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint value);
}

/**
 * @title ERC20 interface
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20
 */
contract ERC20 is ERC20Basic {
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public constant returns (uint);
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint value) public;
    function approve(address spender, uint value) public;
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint value);
}

/**
 * @title Basic token
 * @dev Basic version of StandardToken, with no allowances.
 */
contract BasicToken is Ownable, ERC20Basic {
    using SafeMath for uint;

    mapping(address => uint) public balances;

    // additional variables for use if transaction fees ever became necessary
    uint public basisPointsRate = 0;
    uint public maximumFee = 0;

    /**
    * @dev Fix for the ERC20 short address attack.
    */
    modifier onlyPayloadSize(uint size) {
        require(!(msg.data.length < size + 4));
        _;
    }

    /**
    * @dev transfer token for a specified address
    * @param _to The address to transfer to.
    * @param _value The amount to be transferred.
    */
    function transfer(address _to, uint _value) public onlyPayloadSize(2 * 32) {
        uint fee = (_value.mul(basisPointsRate)).div(10000);
        if (fee > maximumFee) {
            fee = maximumFee;
        }
        uint sendAmount = _value.sub(fee);
        balances[msg.sender] = balances[msg.sender].sub(_value);
        balances[_to] = balances[_to].add(sendAmount);
        if (fee > 0) {
            balances[owner] = balances[owner].add(fee);
            Transfer(msg.sender, owner, fee);
        }
        Transfer(msg.sender, _to, sendAmount);
    }

    /**
    * @dev Gets the balance of the specified address.
    * @param _owner The address to query the the balance of.
    * @return An uint representing the amount owned by the passed address.
    */
    function balanceOf(address _owner) public constant returns (uint balance) {
        return balances[_owner];
    }

}

/**
 * @title Standard ERC20 token
 *
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard token.
 * @dev https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20
 * @dev Based oncode by FirstBlood: https://github.com/Firstbloodio/token/blob/master/smart_contract/FirstBloodToken.sol
 */
contract StandardToken is BasicToken, ERC20 {

    mapping (address => mapping (address => uint)) public allowed;

    uint public constant MAX_UINT = 2**256 - 1;

    /**
    * @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another
    * @param _from address The address which you want to send tokens from
    * @param _to address The address which you want to transfer to
    * @param _value uint the amount of tokens to be transferred
    */
    function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint _value) public onlyPayloadSize(3 * 32) {
        var _allowance = allowed[_from][msg.sender];

        // Check is not needed because sub(_allowance, _value) will already throw if this condition is not met
        // if (_value > _allowance) throw;

        uint fee = (_value.mul(basisPointsRate)).div(10000);
        if (fee > maximumFee) {
            fee = maximumFee;
        }
        if (_allowance < MAX_UINT) {
            allowed[_from][msg.sender] = _allowance.sub(_value);
        }
        uint sendAmount = _value.sub(fee);
        balances[_from] = balances[_from].sub(_value);
        balances[_to] = balances[_to].add(sendAmount);
        if (fee > 0) {
            balances[owner] = balances[owner].add(fee);
            Transfer(_from, owner, fee);
        }
        Transfer(_from, _to, sendAmount);
    }

    /**
    * @dev Approve the passed address to spend the specified amount of tokens on behalf of msg.sender.
    * @param _spender The address which will spend the funds.
    * @param _value The amount of tokens to be spent.
    */
    function approve(address _spender, uint _value) public onlyPayloadSize(2 * 32) {

        // To change the approve amount you first have to reduce the addresses`
        //  allowance to zero by calling `approve(_spender, 0)` if it is not
        //  already 0 to mitigate the race condition described here:
        //  https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
        require(!((_value != 0) && (allowed[msg.sender][_spender] != 0)));

        allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
        Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
    }

    /**
    * @dev Function to check the amount of tokens than an owner allowed to a spender.
    * @param _owner address The address which owns the funds.
    * @param _spender address The address which will spend the funds.
    * @return A uint specifying the amount of tokens still available for the spender.
    */
    function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) public constant returns (uint remaining) {
        return allowed[_owner][_spender];
    }

}


/**
 * @title Pausable
 * @dev Base contract which allows children to implement an emergency stop mechanism.
 */
contract Pausable is Ownable {
  event Pause();
  event Unpause();

  bool public paused = false;


  /**
   * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
   */
  modifier whenNotPaused() {
    require(!paused);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
   */
  modifier whenPaused() {
    require(paused);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev called by the owner to pause, triggers stopped state
   */
  function pause() onlyOwner whenNotPaused public {
    paused = true;
    Pause();
  }

  /**
   * @dev called by the owner to unpause, returns to normal state
   */
  function unpause() onlyOwner whenPaused public {
    paused = false;
    Unpause();
  }
}

contract BlackList is Ownable, BasicToken {

    /////// Getters to allow the same blacklist to be used also by other contracts (including upgraded Tether) ///////
    function getBlackListStatus(address _maker) external constant returns (bool) {
        return isBlackListed[_maker];
    }

    function getOwner() external constant returns (address) {
        return owner;
    }

    mapping (address => bool) public isBlackListed;
    
    function addBlackList (address _evilUser) public onlyOwner {
        isBlackListed[_evilUser] = true;
        AddedBlackList(_evilUser);
    }

    function removeBlackList (address _clearedUser) public onlyOwner {
        isBlackListed[_clearedUser] = false;
        RemovedBlackList(_clearedUser);
    }

    function destroyBlackFunds (address _blackListedUser) public onlyOwner {
        require(isBlackListed[_blackListedUser]);
        uint dirtyFunds = balanceOf(_blackListedUser);
        balances[_blackListedUser] = 0;
        _totalSupply -= dirtyFunds;
        DestroyedBlackFunds(_blackListedUser, dirtyFunds);
    }

    event DestroyedBlackFunds(address _blackListedUser, uint _balance);

    event AddedBlackList(address _user);

    event RemovedBlackList(address _user);

}

contract UpgradedStandardToken is StandardToken{
    // those methods are called by the legacy contract
    // and they must ensure msg.sender to be the contract address
    function transferByLegacy(address from, address to, uint value) public;
    function transferFromByLegacy(address sender, address from, address spender, uint value) public;
    function approveByLegacy(address from, address spender, uint value) public;
}

contract TetherToken is Pausable, StandardToken, BlackList {

    string public name;
    string public symbol;
    uint public decimals;
    address public upgradedAddress;
    bool public deprecated;

    //  The contract can be initialized with a number of tokens
    //  All the tokens are deposited to the owner address
    //
    // @param _balance Initial supply of the contract
    // @param _name Token Name
    // @param _symbol Token symbol
    // @param _decimals Token decimals
    function TetherToken(uint _initialSupply, string _name, string _symbol, uint _decimals) public {
        _totalSupply = _initialSupply;
        name = _name;
        symbol = _symbol;
        decimals = _decimals;
        balances[owner] = _initialSupply;
        deprecated = false;
    }

    // Forward ERC20 methods to upgraded contract if this one is deprecated
    function transfer(address _to, uint _value) public whenNotPaused {
        require(!isBlackListed[msg.sender]);
        if (deprecated) {
            return UpgradedStandardToken(upgradedAddress).transferByLegacy(msg.sender, _to, _value);
        } else {
            return super.transfer(_to, _value);
        }
    }

    // Forward ERC20 methods to upgraded contract if this one is deprecated
    function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint _value) public whenNotPaused {
        require(!isBlackListed[_from]);
        if (deprecated) {
            return UpgradedStandardToken(upgradedAddress).transferFromByLegacy(msg.sender, _from, _to, _value);
        } else {
            return super.transferFrom(_from, _to, _value);
        }
    }

    // Forward ERC20 methods to upgraded contract if this one is deprecated
    function balanceOf(address who) public constant returns (uint) {
        if (deprecated) {
            return UpgradedStandardToken(upgradedAddress).balanceOf(who);
        } else {
            return super.balanceOf(who);
        }
    }

    // Forward ERC20 methods to upgraded contract if this one is deprecated
    function approve(address _spender, uint _value) public onlyPayloadSize(2 * 32) {
        if (deprecated) {
            return UpgradedStandardToken(upgradedAddress).approveByLegacy(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
        } else {
            return super.approve(_spender, _value);
        }
    }

    // Forward ERC20 methods to upgraded contract if this one is deprecated
    function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) public constant returns (uint remaining) {
        if (deprecated) {
            return StandardToken(upgradedAddress).allowance(_owner, _spender);
        } else {
            return super.allowance(_owner, _spender);
        }
    }

    // deprecate current contract in favour of a new one
    function deprecate(address _upgradedAddress) public onlyOwner {
        deprecated = true;
        upgradedAddress = _upgradedAddress;
        Deprecate(_upgradedAddress);
    }

    // deprecate current contract if favour of a new one
    function totalSupply() public constant returns (uint) {
        if (deprecated) {
            return StandardToken(upgradedAddress).totalSupply();
        } else {
            return _totalSupply;
        }
    }

    // Issue a new amount of tokens
    // these tokens are deposited into the owner address
    //
    // @param _amount Number of tokens to be issued
    function issue(uint amount) public onlyOwner {
        require(_totalSupply + amount > _totalSupply);
        require(balances[owner] + amount > balances[owner]);

        balances[owner] += amount;
        _totalSupply += amount;
        Issue(amount);
    }

    // Redeem tokens.
    // These tokens are withdrawn from the owner address
    // if the balance must be enough to cover the redeem
    // or the call will fail.
    // @param _amount Number of tokens to be issued
    function redeem(uint amount) public onlyOwner {
        require(_totalSupply >= amount);
        require(balances[owner] >= amount);

        _totalSupply -= amount;
        balances[owner] -= amount;
        Redeem(amount);
    }

    function setParams(uint newBasisPoints, uint newMaxFee) public onlyOwner {
        // Ensure transparency by hardcoding limit beyond which fees can never be added
        require(newBasisPoints < 20);
        require(newMaxFee < 50);

        basisPointsRate = newBasisPoints;
        maximumFee = newMaxFee.mul(10**decimals);

        Params(basisPointsRate, maximumFee);
    }

    // Called when new token are issued
    event Issue(uint amount);

    // Called when tokens are redeemed
    event Redeem(uint amount);

    // Called when contract is deprecated
    event Deprecate(address newAddress);

    // Called if contract ever adds fees
    event Params(uint feeBasisPoints, uint maxFee);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
 * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;
    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
     */
    error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);
    /**
     * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
     */
    error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);
    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor(address initialOwner) {
        if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Ownable} from "./Ownable.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * This extension of the {Ownable} contract includes a two-step mechanism to transfer
 * ownership, where the new owner must call {acceptOwnership} in order to replace the
 * old one. This can help prevent common mistakes, such as transfers of ownership to
 * incorrect accounts, or to contracts that are unable to interact with the
 * permission system.
 *
 * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
    address private _pendingOwner;
    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _pendingOwner;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * Setting `newOwner` to the zero address is allowed; this can be used to cancel an initiated ownership transfer.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        _pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        delete _pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
        }
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-20 standard as defined in the ERC.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }
    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
/// @notice Safe ETH and ERC20 transfer library that gracefully handles missing return values.
/// @author Solady (https://github.com/vectorized/solady/blob/main/src/utils/SafeTransferLib.sol)
/// @author Modified from Solmate (https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/utils/SafeTransferLib.sol)
/// @author Permit2 operations from (https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2/blob/main/src/libraries/Permit2Lib.sol)
///
/// @dev Note:
/// - For ETH transfers, please use `forceSafeTransferETH` for DoS protection.
library SafeTransferLib {
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                       CUSTOM ERRORS                        */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    /// @dev The ETH transfer has failed.
    error ETHTransferFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `transferFrom` has failed.
    error TransferFromFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `transfer` has failed.
    error TransferFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `approve` has failed.
    error ApproveFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `totalSupply` query has failed.
    error TotalSupplyQueryFailed();
    /// @dev The Permit2 operation has failed.
    error Permit2Failed();
    /// @dev The Permit2 amount must be less than `2**160 - 1`.
    error Permit2AmountOverflow();
    /// @dev The Permit2 approve operation has failed.
    error Permit2ApproveFailed();
    /// @dev The Permit2 lockdown operation has failed.
    error Permit2LockdownFailed();
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                         CONSTANTS                          */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    /// @dev Suggested gas stipend for contract receiving ETH that disallows any storage writes.
    uint256 internal constant GAS_STIPEND_NO_STORAGE_WRITES = 2300;
    /// @dev Suggested gas stipend for contract receiving ETH to perform a few
    /// storage reads and writes, but low enough to prevent griefing.
    uint256 internal constant GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF = 100000;
    /// @dev The unique EIP-712 domain separator for the DAI token contract.
    bytes32 internal constant DAI_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR =
        0xdbb8cf42e1ecb028be3f3dbc922e1d878b963f411dc388ced501601c60f7c6f7;
    /// @dev The address for the WETH9 contract on Ethereum mainnet.
    address internal constant WETH9 = 0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2;
    /// @dev The canonical Permit2 address.
    /// [Github](https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2)
    /// [Etherscan](https://etherscan.io/address/0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3)
    address internal constant PERMIT2 = 0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3;
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                       ETH OPERATIONS                       */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    // If the ETH transfer MUST succeed with a reasonable gas budget, use the force variants.
    //
    // The regular variants:
    // - Forwards all remaining gas to the target.
    // - Reverts if the target reverts.
    // - Reverts if the current contract has insufficient balance.
    //
    // The force variants:
    // - Forwards with an optional gas stipend
    //   (defaults to `GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF`, which is sufficient for most cases).
    // - If the target reverts, or if the gas stipend is exhausted,
    //   creates a temporary contract to force send the ETH via `SELFDESTRUCT`.
    //   Future compatible with `SENDALL`: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4758.
    // - Reverts if the current contract has insufficient balance.
    //
    // The try variants:
    // - Forwards with a mandatory gas stipend.
    // - Instead of reverting, returns whether the transfer succeeded.
    /// @dev Sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`.
    function safeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if iszero(call(gas(), to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`.
    function safeTransferAllETH(address to) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Transfer all the ETH and check if it succeeded or not.
            if iszero(call(gas(), to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function forceSafeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount, uint256 gasStipend) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if lt(selfbalance(), amount) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            if iszero(call(gasStipend, to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(amount, 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function forceSafeTransferAllETH(address to, uint256 gasStipend) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if iszero(call(gasStipend, to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(selfbalance(), 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`, with `GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF`.
    function forceSafeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if lt(selfbalance(), amount) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            if iszero(call(GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF, to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(amount, 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`, with `GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF`.
    function forceSafeTransferAllETH(address to) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // forgefmt: disable-next-item
            if iszero(call(GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF, to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(selfbalance(), 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function trySafeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount, uint256 gasStipend)
        internal
        returns (bool success)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            success := call(gasStipend, to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function trySafeTransferAllETH(address to, uint256 gasStipend)
        internal
        returns (bool success)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            success := call(gasStipend, to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)
        }
    }
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                      ERC20 OPERATIONS                      */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have at least `amount` approved for
    /// the current contract to manage.
    function safeTransferFrom(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x60, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x40, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x2c, shl(96, from)) // Store the `from` argument.
            mstore(0x0c, 0x23b872dd000000000000000000000000) // `transferFrom(address,address,uint256)`.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x7939f424) // `TransferFromFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot to zero.
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have at least `amount` approved for the current contract to manage.
    function trySafeTransferFrom(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount)
        internal
        returns (bool success)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x60, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x40, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x2c, shl(96, from)) // Store the `from` argument.
            mstore(0x0c, 0x23b872dd000000000000000000000000) // `transferFrom(address,address,uint256)`.
            success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                success := lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)
            }
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot to zero.
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have their entire balance approved for the current contract to manage.
    function safeTransferAllFrom(address token, address from, address to)
        internal
        returns (uint256 amount)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x40, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x2c, shl(96, from)) // Store the `from` argument.
            mstore(0x0c, 0x70a08231000000000000000000000000) // `balanceOf(address)`.
            // Read the balance, reverting upon failure.
            if iszero(
                and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // At least 32 bytes returned.
                    staticcall(gas(), token, 0x1c, 0x24, 0x60, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x7939f424) // `TransferFromFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            mstore(0x00, 0x23b872dd) // `transferFrom(address,address,uint256)`.
            amount := mload(0x60) // The `amount` is already at 0x60. We'll need to return it.
            // Perform the transfer, reverting upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x7939f424) // `TransferFromFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot to zero.
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from the current contract to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeTransfer(address token, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x34, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000) // `transfer(address,uint256)`.
            // Perform the transfer, reverting upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x90b8ec18) // `TransferFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all of ERC20 `token` from the current contract to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeTransferAll(address token, address to) internal returns (uint256 amount) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, 0x70a08231) // Store the function selector of `balanceOf(address)`.
            mstore(0x20, address()) // Store the address of the current contract.
            // Read the balance, reverting upon failure.
            if iszero(
                and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // At least 32 bytes returned.
                    staticcall(gas(), token, 0x1c, 0x24, 0x34, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x90b8ec18) // `TransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            amount := mload(0x34) // The `amount` is already at 0x34. We'll need to return it.
            mstore(0x00, 0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000) // `transfer(address,uint256)`.
            // Perform the transfer, reverting upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x90b8ec18) // `TransferFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sets `amount` of ERC20 `token` for `to` to manage on behalf of the current contract.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeApprove(address token, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x34, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0x095ea7b3000000000000000000000000) // `approve(address,uint256)`.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x3e3f8f73) // `ApproveFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sets `amount` of ERC20 `token` for `to` to manage on behalf of the current contract.
    /// If the initial attempt to approve fails, attempts to reset the approved amount to zero,
    /// then retries the approval again (some tokens, e.g. USDT, requires this).
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeApproveWithRetry(address token, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x34, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0x095ea7b3000000000000000000000000) // `approve(address,uint256)`.
            // Perform the approval, retrying upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x34, 0) // Store 0 for the `amount`.
                    mstore(0x00, 0x095ea7b3000000000000000000000000) // `approve(address,uint256)`.
                    pop(call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, codesize(), 0x00)) // Reset the approval.
                    mstore(0x34, amount) // Store back the original `amount`.
                    // Retry the approval, reverting upon failure.
                    success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
                    if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                        // Check the `extcodesize` again just in case the token selfdestructs lol.
                        if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                            mstore(0x00, 0x3e3f8f73) // `ApproveFailed()`.
                            revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Returns the amount of ERC20 `token` owned by `account`.
    /// Returns zero if the `token` does not exist.
    function balanceOf(address token, address account) internal view returns (uint256 amount) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, account) // Store the `account` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0x70a08231000000000000000000000000) // `balanceOf(address)`.
            amount :=
                mul( // The arguments of `mul` are evaluated from right to left.
                    mload(0x20),
                    and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                        gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // At least 32 bytes returned.
                        staticcall(gas(), token, 0x10, 0x24, 0x20, 0x20)
                    )
                )
        }
    }
    /// @dev Performs a `token.balanceOf(account)` check.
    /// `implemented` denotes whether the `token` does not implement `balanceOf`.
    /// `amount` is zero if the `token` does not implement `balanceOf`.
    function checkBalanceOf(address token, address account)
        internal
        view
        returns (bool implemented, uint256 amount)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, account) // Store the `account` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0x70a08231000000000000000000000000) // `balanceOf(address)`.
            implemented :=
                and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // At least 32 bytes returned.
                    staticcall(gas(), token, 0x10, 0x24, 0x20, 0x20)
                )
            amount := mul(mload(0x20), implemented)
        }
    }
    /// @dev Returns the total supply of the `token`.
    /// Reverts if the token does not exist or does not implement `totalSupply()`.
    function totalSupply(address token) internal view returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, 0x18160ddd) // `totalSupply()`.
            if iszero(
                and(gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), staticcall(gas(), token, 0x1c, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20))
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x54cd9435) // `TotalSupplyQueryFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            result := mload(0x00)
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    /// If the initial attempt fails, try to use Permit2 to transfer the token.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have at least `amount` approved for the current contract to manage.
    function safeTransferFrom2(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        if (!trySafeTransferFrom(token, from, to, amount)) {
            permit2TransferFrom(token, from, to, amount);
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to` via Permit2.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function permit2TransferFrom(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount)
        internal
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(add(m, 0x74), shr(96, shl(96, token)))
            mstore(add(m, 0x54), amount)
            mstore(add(m, 0x34), to)
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), shl(96, from))
            // `transferFrom(address,address,uint160,address)`.
            mstore(m, 0x36c78516000000000000000000000000)
            let p := PERMIT2
            let exists := eq(chainid(), 1)
            if iszero(exists) { exists := iszero(iszero(extcodesize(p))) }
            if iszero(
                and(
                    call(gas(), p, 0, add(m, 0x10), 0x84, codesize(), 0x00),
                    lt(iszero(extcodesize(token)), exists) // Token has code and Permit2 exists.
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x7939f4248757f0fd) // `TransferFromFailed()` or `Permit2AmountOverflow()`.
                revert(add(0x18, shl(2, iszero(iszero(shr(160, amount))))), 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Permit a user to spend a given amount of
    /// another user's tokens via native EIP-2612 permit if possible, falling
    /// back to Permit2 if native permit fails or is not implemented on the token.
    function permit2(
        address token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        bool success;
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            for {} shl(96, xor(token, WETH9)) {} {
                mstore(0x00, 0x3644e515) // `DOMAIN_SEPARATOR()`.
                if iszero(
                    and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                        lt(iszero(mload(0x00)), eq(returndatasize(), 0x20)), // Returns 1 non-zero word.
                        // Gas stipend to limit gas burn for tokens that don't refund gas when
                        // an non-existing function is called. 5K should be enough for a SLOAD.
                        staticcall(5000, token, 0x1c, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20)
                    )
                ) { break }
                // After here, we can be sure that token is a contract.
                let m := mload(0x40)
                mstore(add(m, 0x34), spender)
                mstore(add(m, 0x20), shl(96, owner))
                mstore(add(m, 0x74), deadline)
                if eq(mload(0x00), DAI_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR) {
                    mstore(0x14, owner)
                    mstore(0x00, 0x7ecebe00000000000000000000000000) // `nonces(address)`.
                    mstore(
                        add(m, 0x94),
                        lt(iszero(amount), staticcall(gas(), token, 0x10, 0x24, add(m, 0x54), 0x20))
                    )
                    mstore(m, 0x8fcbaf0c000000000000000000000000) // `IDAIPermit.permit`.
                    // `nonces` is already at `add(m, 0x54)`.
                    // `amount != 0` is already stored at `add(m, 0x94)`.
                    mstore(add(m, 0xb4), and(0xff, v))
                    mstore(add(m, 0xd4), r)
                    mstore(add(m, 0xf4), s)
                    success := call(gas(), token, 0, add(m, 0x10), 0x104, codesize(), 0x00)
                    break
                }
                mstore(m, 0xd505accf000000000000000000000000) // `IERC20Permit.permit`.
                mstore(add(m, 0x54), amount)
                mstore(add(m, 0x94), and(0xff, v))
                mstore(add(m, 0xb4), r)
                mstore(add(m, 0xd4), s)
                success := call(gas(), token, 0, add(m, 0x10), 0xe4, codesize(), 0x00)
                break
            }
        }
        if (!success) simplePermit2(token, owner, spender, amount, deadline, v, r, s);
    }
    /// @dev Simple permit on the Permit2 contract.
    function simplePermit2(
        address token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(m, 0x927da105) // `allowance(address,address,address)`.
            {
                let addressMask := shr(96, not(0))
                mstore(add(m, 0x20), and(addressMask, owner))
                mstore(add(m, 0x40), and(addressMask, token))
                mstore(add(m, 0x60), and(addressMask, spender))
                mstore(add(m, 0xc0), and(addressMask, spender))
            }
            let p := mul(PERMIT2, iszero(shr(160, amount)))
            if iszero(
                and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x5f), // Returns 3 words: `amount`, `expiration`, `nonce`.
                    staticcall(gas(), p, add(m, 0x1c), 0x64, add(m, 0x60), 0x60)
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x6b836e6b8757f0fd) // `Permit2Failed()` or `Permit2AmountOverflow()`.
                revert(add(0x18, shl(2, iszero(p))), 0x04)
            }
            mstore(m, 0x2b67b570) // `Permit2.permit` (PermitSingle variant).
            // `owner` is already `add(m, 0x20)`.
            // `token` is already at `add(m, 0x40)`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), amount)
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), 0xffffffffffff) // `expiration = type(uint48).max`.
            // `nonce` is already at `add(m, 0xa0)`.
            // `spender` is already at `add(m, 0xc0)`.
            mstore(add(m, 0xe0), deadline)
            mstore(add(m, 0x100), 0x100) // `signature` offset.
            mstore(add(m, 0x120), 0x41) // `signature` length.
            mstore(add(m, 0x140), r)
            mstore(add(m, 0x160), s)
            mstore(add(m, 0x180), shl(248, v))
            if iszero( // Revert if token does not have code, or if the call fails.
            mul(extcodesize(token), call(gas(), p, 0, add(m, 0x1c), 0x184, codesize(), 0x00))) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x6b836e6b) // `Permit2Failed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Approves `spender` to spend `amount` of `token` for `address(this)`.
    function permit2Approve(address token, address spender, uint160 amount, uint48 expiration)
        internal
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let addressMask := shr(96, not(0))
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(m, 0x87517c45) // `approve(address,address,uint160,uint48)`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), and(addressMask, token))
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), and(addressMask, spender))
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), and(addressMask, amount))
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), and(0xffffffffffff, expiration))
            if iszero(call(gas(), PERMIT2, 0, add(m, 0x1c), 0xa0, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x324f14ae) // `Permit2ApproveFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Revokes an approval for `token` and `spender` for `address(this)`.
    function permit2Lockdown(address token, address spender) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(m, 0xcc53287f) // `Permit2.lockdown`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), 0x20) // Offset of the `approvals`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), 1) // `approvals.length`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), shr(96, shl(96, token)))
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), shr(96, shl(96, spender)))
            if iszero(call(gas(), PERMIT2, 0, add(m, 0x1c), 0xa0, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x96b3de23) // `Permit2LockdownFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
pragma solidity 0.8.28;
import {Ownable2Step} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol";
import {Ownable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {SafeTransferLib} from "solady/utils/SafeTransferLib.sol";
/**
 * @title PaymasterBuffer - A buffer fund manager for paymaster fund settlement.
 * @author David Kim - @PowerStream3604
 */
contract PaymasterBuffer is Ownable2Step {
    event BeneficiaryUpdated(address prevBeneficiary, address newBeneficiary);
    event FlusherUpdated(address prevFlusher, address newFlusher);
    error InvalidFlusher();
    error TokenFlushFailed(address token, address beneficiary, uint256 tokenAmount);
    error ZeroAddressBeneficiary();
    address public beneficiary;
    address public flusher;
    /**
     * @notice Sets the initial Beneficiary, Flusher and Owner of the PaymasterBuffer.
     * @param initialBeneficiary Address of beneficiary.
     * @param initialFlusher Address of flusher.
     * @param owner Address of owner.
     */
    constructor(address initialBeneficiary, address initialFlusher, address owner) Ownable(owner) {
        beneficiary = initialBeneficiary;
        flusher = initialFlusher;
        emit BeneficiaryUpdated(address(0), beneficiary);
        emit FlusherUpdated(address(0), flusher);
    }
    /**
     * @notice Sets the beneficiary of the PaymasterBuffer. Only callable by the Owner.
     * @param newBeneficiary Address of the new beneficiary.
     */
    function setBeneficiary(address newBeneficiary) external onlyOwner {
        address prevBeneficiary = beneficiary;
        beneficiary = newBeneficiary;
        emit BeneficiaryUpdated(prevBeneficiary, beneficiary);
    }
    /**
     * @notice Sets the flusher of the PaymasterBuffer. Only callable by the Owner.
     * @param newFlusher Address of the new flusher.
     */
    function setFlusher(address newFlusher) external onlyOwner {
        address prevFlusher = flusher;
        flusher = newFlusher;
        emit FlusherUpdated(prevFlusher, flusher);
    }
    /**
     * @notice Flush the token balance of PaymasterBuffer to the beneficiary. Only callable by the Flusher.
     * @param tokens List of token addresses to flush the balance.
     */
    function flushTokens(address[] calldata tokens) external {
        if (msg.sender != flusher) revert InvalidFlusher();
        if (beneficiary == address(0)) revert ZeroAddressBeneficiary();
        uint256 tokenLength = tokens.length;
        for (uint256 i; i < tokenLength; ++i) {
            uint256 balance = IERC20(tokens[i]).balanceOf(address(this));
            if (balance != 0) {
                SafeTransferLib.safeTransfer(tokens[i], beneficiary, balance);
            }
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
 * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;
    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
     */
    error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);
    /**
     * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
     */
    error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);
    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor(address initialOwner) {
        if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Ownable} from "./Ownable.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * This extension of the {Ownable} contract includes a two-step mechanism to transfer
 * ownership, where the new owner must call {acceptOwnership} in order to replace the
 * old one. This can help prevent common mistakes, such as transfers of ownership to
 * incorrect accounts, or to contracts that are unable to interact with the
 * permission system.
 *
 * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
    address private _pendingOwner;
    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _pendingOwner;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * Setting `newOwner` to the zero address is allowed; this can be used to cancel an initiated ownership transfer.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        _pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        delete _pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
        }
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }
    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS
    }
    /**
     * @dev The signature derives the `address(0)`.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignature();
    /**
     * @dev The signature has an invalid length.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256 length);
    /**
     * @dev The signature has an S value that is in the upper half order.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(bytes32 s);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with `signature` or an error. This will not
     * return address(0) without also returning an error description. Errors are documented using an enum (error type)
     * and a bytes32 providing additional information about the error.
     *
     * If no error is returned, then the address can be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes memory signature
    ) internal pure returns (address recovered, RecoverError err, bytes32 errArg) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength, bytes32(signature.length));
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[ERC-2098 short signatures]
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address recovered, RecoverError err, bytes32 errArg) {
        unchecked {
            bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
            // We do not check for an overflow here since the shift operation results in 0 or 1.
            uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address recovered, RecoverError err, bytes32 errArg) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS, s);
        }
        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature, bytes32(0));
        }
        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError, bytes32(0));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Optionally reverts with the corresponding custom error according to the `error` argument provided.
     */
    function _throwError(RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignature();
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256(errorArg));
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(errorArg);
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/cryptography/MessageHashUtils.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Strings} from "../Strings.sol";
/**
 * @dev Signature message hash utilities for producing digests to be consumed by {ECDSA} recovery or signing.
 *
 * The library provides methods for generating a hash of a message that conforms to the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191[ERC-191] and https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712]
 * specifications.
 */
library MessageHashUtils {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an ERC-191 signed data with version
     * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing a bytes32 `messageHash` with
     * `"\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
32"` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the
     * hash signed when using the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.
     *
     * NOTE: The `messageHash` parameter is intended to be the result of hashing a raw message with
     * keccak256, although any bytes32 value can be safely used because the final digest will
     * be re-hashed.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 messageHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            mstore(0x00, "\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
32") // 32 is the bytes-length of messageHash
            mstore(0x1c, messageHash) // 0x1c (28) is the length of the prefix
            digest := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c) // 0x3c is the length of the prefix (0x1c) + messageHash (0x20)
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an ERC-191 signed data with version
     * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `message` with
     * `"\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
" + len(message)` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the
     * hash signed when using the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory message) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return
            keccak256(bytes.concat("\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
", bytes(Strings.toString(message.length)), message));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an ERC-191 signed data with version
     * `0x00` (data with intended validator).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `data` with `"\\x19\\x00"` and the intended
     * `validator` address. Then hashing the result.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(hex"19_00", validator, data));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-712 typed data (ERC-191 version `0x01`).
     *
     * The digest is calculated from a `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`, by prefixing them with
     * `\\x19\\x01` and hashing the result. It corresponds to the hash signed by the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`] JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(ptr, hex"19_01")
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)
            digest := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[ERC].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[ERC section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Panic} from "../Panic.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";
/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an success flag (no overflow).
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an success flag (no overflow).
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an success flag (no overflow).
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
     * However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
     * one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
     */
    function ternary(bool condition, uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // branchless ternary works because:
            // b ^ (a ^ b) == a
            // b ^ 0 == b
            return b ^ ((a ^ b) * SafeCast.toUint(condition));
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return ternary(a > b, a, b);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return ternary(a < b, a, b);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
        }
        // The following calculation ensures accurate ceiling division without overflow.
        // Since a is non-zero, (a - 1) / b will not overflow.
        // The largest possible result occurs when (a - 1) / b is type(uint256).max,
        // but the largest value we can obtain is type(uint256).max - 1, which happens
        // when a = type(uint256).max and b = 1.
        unchecked {
            return SafeCast.toUint(a > 0) * ((a - 1) / b + 1);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     *
     * Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2²⁵⁶ and mod 2²⁵⁶ - 1, then use
            // the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2²⁵⁶ + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }
            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }
            // Make sure the result is less than 2²⁵⁶. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                Panic.panic(ternary(denominator == 0, Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO, Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW));
            }
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)
                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }
            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)
                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)
                // Flip twos such that it is 2²⁵⁶ / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }
            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;
            // Invert denominator mod 2²⁵⁶. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2²⁵⁶ such
            // that denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2²⁵⁶. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2⁴.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;
            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁸
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹⁶
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2³²
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁶⁴
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹²⁸
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2²⁵⁶
            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2²⁵⁶. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2²⁵⁶, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mulDiv(x, y, denominator) + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Calculate the modular multiplicative inverse of a number in Z/nZ.
     *
     * If n is a prime, then Z/nZ is a field. In that case all elements are inversible, except 0.
     * If n is not a prime, then Z/nZ is not a field, and some elements might not be inversible.
     *
     * If the input value is not inversible, 0 is returned.
     *
     * NOTE: If you know for sure that n is (big) a prime, it may be cheaper to use Fermat's little theorem and get the
     * inverse using `Math.modExp(a, n - 2, n)`. See {invModPrime}.
     */
    function invMod(uint256 a, uint256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (n == 0) return 0;
            // The inverse modulo is calculated using the Extended Euclidean Algorithm (iterative version)
            // Used to compute integers x and y such that: ax + ny = gcd(a, n).
            // When the gcd is 1, then the inverse of a modulo n exists and it's x.
            // ax + ny = 1
            // ax = 1 + (-y)n
            // ax ≡ 1 (mod n) # x is the inverse of a modulo n
            // If the remainder is 0 the gcd is n right away.
            uint256 remainder = a % n;
            uint256 gcd = n;
            // Therefore the initial coefficients are:
            // ax + ny = gcd(a, n) = n
            // 0a + 1n = n
            int256 x = 0;
            int256 y = 1;
            while (remainder != 0) {
                uint256 quotient = gcd / remainder;
                (gcd, remainder) = (
                    // The old remainder is the next gcd to try.
                    remainder,
                    // Compute the next remainder.
                    // Can't overflow given that (a % gcd) * (gcd // (a % gcd)) <= gcd
                    // where gcd is at most n (capped to type(uint256).max)
                    gcd - remainder * quotient
                );
                (x, y) = (
                    // Increment the coefficient of a.
                    y,
                    // Decrement the coefficient of n.
                    // Can overflow, but the result is casted to uint256 so that the
                    // next value of y is "wrapped around" to a value between 0 and n - 1.
                    x - y * int256(quotient)
                );
            }
            if (gcd != 1) return 0; // No inverse exists.
            return ternary(x < 0, n - uint256(-x), uint256(x)); // Wrap the result if it's negative.
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {invMod}. More efficient, but only works if `p` is known to be a prime greater than `2`.
     *
     * From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat%27s_little_theorem[Fermat's little theorem], we know that if p is
     * prime, then `a**(p-1) ≡ 1 mod p`. As a consequence, we have `a * a**(p-2) ≡ 1 mod p`, which means that
     * `a**(p-2)` is the modular multiplicative inverse of a in Fp.
     *
     * NOTE: this function does NOT check that `p` is a prime greater than `2`.
     */
    function invModPrime(uint256 a, uint256 p) internal view returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            return Math.modExp(a, p - 2, p);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m)
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - modulus can't be zero
     * - underlying staticcall to precompile must succeed
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the underlying call succeeds. When using this function, make
     * sure the chain you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation
     * at address 0x05 as specified in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise,
     * the underlying function will succeed given the lack of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly
     * interpreted as 0.
     */
    function modExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);
        if (!success) {
            Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
        }
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m).
     * It includes a success flag indicating if the operation succeeded. Operation will be marked as failed if trying
     * to operate modulo 0 or if the underlying precompile reverted.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the success flag is true. When using this function, make sure the chain
     * you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation at address 0x05 as specified in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise, the underlying function will succeed given the lack
     * of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly interpreted as 0.
     */
    function tryModExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        if (m == 0) return (false, 0);
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            // | Offset    | Content    | Content (Hex)                                                      |
            // |-----------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // | 0x00:0x1f | size of b  | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
            // | 0x20:0x3f | size of e  | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
            // | 0x40:0x5f | size of m  | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
            // | 0x60:0x7f | value of b | 0x<.............................................................b> |
            // | 0x80:0x9f | value of e | 0x<.............................................................e> |
            // | 0xa0:0xbf | value of m | 0x<.............................................................m> |
            mstore(ptr, 0x20)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x20), 0x20)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x40), 0x20)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x60), b)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x80), e)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0xa0), m)
            // Given the result < m, it's guaranteed to fit in 32 bytes,
            // so we can use the memory scratch space located at offset 0.
            success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, ptr, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x20)
            result := mload(0x00)
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {modExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.
     */
    function modExp(bytes memory b, bytes memory e, bytes memory m) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);
        if (!success) {
            Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
        }
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {tryModExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.
     */
    function tryModExp(
        bytes memory b,
        bytes memory e,
        bytes memory m
    ) internal view returns (bool success, bytes memory result) {
        if (_zeroBytes(m)) return (false, new bytes(0));
        uint256 mLen = m.length;
        // Encode call args in result and move the free memory pointer
        result = abi.encodePacked(b.length, e.length, mLen, b, e, m);
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let dataPtr := add(result, 0x20)
            // Write result on top of args to avoid allocating extra memory.
            success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, dataPtr, mload(result), dataPtr, mLen)
            // Overwrite the length.
            // result.length > returndatasize() is guaranteed because returndatasize() == m.length
            mstore(result, mLen)
            // Set the memory pointer after the returned data.
            mstore(0x40, add(dataPtr, mLen))
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the provided byte array is zero.
     */
    function _zeroBytes(bytes memory byteArray) private pure returns (bool) {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < byteArray.length; ++i) {
            if (byteArray[i] != 0) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * This method is based on Newton's method for computing square roots; the algorithm is restricted to only
     * using integer operations.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Take care of easy edge cases when a == 0 or a == 1
            if (a <= 1) {
                return a;
            }
            // In this function, we use Newton's method to get a root of `f(x) := x² - a`. It involves building a
            // sequence x_n that converges toward sqrt(a). For each iteration x_n, we also define the error between
            // the current value as `ε_n = | x_n - sqrt(a) |`.
            //
            // For our first estimation, we consider `e` the smallest power of 2 which is bigger than the square root
            // of the target. (i.e. `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e`). We know that `e ≤ 128` because `(2¹²⁸)² = 2²⁵⁶` is
            // bigger than any uint256.
            //
            // By noticing that
            // `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e → (2**(e-1))² ≤ a < (2**e)² → 2**(2*e-2) ≤ a < 2**(2*e)`
            // we can deduce that `e - 1` is `log2(a) / 2`. We can thus compute `x_n = 2**(e-1)` using a method similar
            // to the msb function.
            uint256 aa = a;
            uint256 xn = 1;
            if (aa >= (1 << 128)) {
                aa >>= 128;
                xn <<= 64;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 64)) {
                aa >>= 64;
                xn <<= 32;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 32)) {
                aa >>= 32;
                xn <<= 16;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 16)) {
                aa >>= 16;
                xn <<= 8;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 8)) {
                aa >>= 8;
                xn <<= 4;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 4)) {
                aa >>= 4;
                xn <<= 2;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 2)) {
                xn <<= 1;
            }
            // We now have x_n such that `x_n = 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e = 2 * x_n`. This implies ε_n ≤ 2**(e-1).
            //
            // We can refine our estimation by noticing that the middle of that interval minimizes the error.
            // If we move x_n to equal 2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2), then we reduce the error to ε_n ≤ 2**(e-2).
            // This is going to be our x_0 (and ε_0)
            xn = (3 * xn) >> 1; // ε_0 := | x_0 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-2)
            // From here, Newton's method give us:
            // x_{n+1} = (x_n + a / x_n) / 2
            //
            // One should note that:
            // x_{n+1}² - a = ((x_n + a / x_n) / 2)² - a
            //              = ((x_n² + a) / (2 * x_n))² - a
            //              = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²) - a
            //              = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a² - 4 * a * x_n²) / (4 * x_n²)
            //              = (x_n⁴ - 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²)
            //              = (x_n² - a)² / (2 * x_n)²
            //              = ((x_n² - a) / (2 * x_n))²
            //              ≥ 0
            // Which proves that for all n ≥ 1, sqrt(a) ≤ x_n
            //
            // This gives us the proof of quadratic convergence of the sequence:
            // ε_{n+1} = | x_{n+1} - sqrt(a) |
            //         = | (x_n + a / x_n) / 2 - sqrt(a) |
            //         = | (x_n² + a - 2*x_n*sqrt(a)) / (2 * x_n) |
            //         = | (x_n - sqrt(a))² / (2 * x_n) |
            //         = | ε_n² / (2 * x_n) |
            //         = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |
            //
            // For the first iteration, we have a special case where x_0 is known:
            // ε_1 = ε_0² / | (2 * x_0) |
            //     ≤ (2**(e-2))² / (2 * (2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2)))
            //     ≤ 2**(2*e-4) / (3 * 2**(e-1))
            //     ≤ 2**(e-3) / 3
            //     ≤ 2**(e-3-log2(3))
            //     ≤ 2**(e-4.5)
            //
            // For the following iterations, we use the fact that, 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) ≤ x_n:
            // ε_{n+1} = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |
            //         ≤ (2**(e-k))² / (2 * 2**(e-1))
            //         ≤ 2**(2*e-2*k) / 2**e
            //         ≤ 2**(e-2*k)
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_1 := | x_1 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-4.5)  -- special case, see above
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_2 := | x_2 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-9)    -- general case with k = 4.5
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_3 := | x_3 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-18)   -- general case with k = 9
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_4 := | x_4 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-36)   -- general case with k = 18
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_5 := | x_5 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-72)   -- general case with k = 36
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_6 := | x_6 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-144)  -- general case with k = 72
            // Because e ≤ 128 (as discussed during the first estimation phase), we know have reached a precision
            // ε_6 ≤ 2**(e-144) < 1. Given we're operating on integers, then we can ensure that xn is now either
            // sqrt(a) or sqrt(a) + 1.
            return xn - SafeCast.toUint(xn > a / xn);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        uint256 exp;
        unchecked {
            exp = 128 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 128) - 1);
            value >>= exp;
            result += exp;
            exp = 64 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 64) - 1);
            value >>= exp;
            result += exp;
            exp = 32 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 32) - 1);
            value >>= exp;
            result += exp;
            exp = 16 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 16) - 1);
            value >>= exp;
            result += exp;
            exp = 8 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 8) - 1);
            value >>= exp;
            result += exp;
            exp = 4 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 4) - 1);
            value >>= exp;
            result += exp;
            exp = 2 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 2) - 1);
            value >>= exp;
            result += exp;
            result += SafeCast.toUint(value > 1);
        }
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        uint256 isGt;
        unchecked {
            isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 128) - 1);
            value >>= isGt * 128;
            result += isGt * 16;
            isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 64) - 1);
            value >>= isGt * 64;
            result += isGt * 8;
            isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 32) - 1);
            value >>= isGt * 32;
            result += isGt * 4;
            isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 16) - 1);
            value >>= isGt * 16;
            result += isGt * 2;
            result += SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 8) - 1);
        }
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX/bool casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeCast {
    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(uint8 bits, uint256 value);
    /**
     * @dev An int value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(int256 value);
    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(uint8 bits, int256 value);
    /**
     * @dev An uint value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(uint256 value);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
        if (value > type(uint248).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(248, value);
        }
        return uint248(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
        if (value > type(uint240).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(240, value);
        }
        return uint240(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
        if (value > type(uint232).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(232, value);
        }
        return uint232(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
        if (value > type(uint224).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(224, value);
        }
        return uint224(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
        if (value > type(uint216).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(216, value);
        }
        return uint216(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
        if (value > type(uint208).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(208, value);
        }
        return uint208(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
        if (value > type(uint200).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(200, value);
        }
        return uint200(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        if (value > type(uint192).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(192, value);
        }
        return uint192(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
        if (value > type(uint184).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(184, value);
        }
        return uint184(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
        if (value > type(uint176).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(176, value);
        }
        return uint176(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
        if (value > type(uint168).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(168, value);
        }
        return uint168(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
        if (value > type(uint160).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(160, value);
        }
        return uint160(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
        if (value > type(uint152).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(152, value);
        }
        return uint152(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
        if (value > type(uint144).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(144, value);
        }
        return uint144(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        if (value > type(uint136).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(136, value);
        }
        return uint136(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
        if (value > type(uint128).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(128, value);
        }
        return uint128(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
        if (value > type(uint120).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(120, value);
        }
        return uint120(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
        if (value > type(uint112).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(112, value);
        }
        return uint112(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
        if (value > type(uint104).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(104, value);
        }
        return uint104(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        if (value > type(uint96).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(96, value);
        }
        return uint96(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
        if (value > type(uint88).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(88, value);
        }
        return uint88(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
        if (value > type(uint80).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(80, value);
        }
        return uint80(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
        if (value > type(uint72).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(72, value);
        }
        return uint72(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        if (value > type(uint64).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(64, value);
        }
        return uint64(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
        if (value > type(uint56).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(56, value);
        }
        return uint56(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
        if (value > type(uint48).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(48, value);
        }
        return uint48(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
        if (value > type(uint40).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(40, value);
        }
        return uint40(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        if (value > type(uint32).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(32, value);
        }
        return uint32(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
        if (value > type(uint24).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(24, value);
        }
        return uint24(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
        if (value > type(uint16).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(16, value);
        }
        return uint16(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        if (value > type(uint8).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(8, value);
        }
        return uint8(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
     */
    function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (value < 0) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(value);
        }
        return uint256(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
     * greater than largest int248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int248(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(248, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
     * greater than largest int240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int240(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(240, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
     * greater than largest int232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int232(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(232, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
     * greater than largest int224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int224(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(224, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
     * greater than largest int216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int216(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(216, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
     * greater than largest int208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int208(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(208, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
     * greater than largest int200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int200(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(200, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
     * greater than largest int192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int192(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(192, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
     * greater than largest int184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int184(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(184, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
     * greater than largest int176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int176(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(176, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
     * greater than largest int168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int168(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(168, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
     * greater than largest int160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int160(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(160, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
     * greater than largest int152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int152(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(152, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
     * greater than largest int144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int144(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(144, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
     * greater than largest int136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int136(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(136, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
     * greater than largest int128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int128(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(128, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
     * greater than largest int120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int120(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(120, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
     * greater than largest int112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int112(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(112, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
     * greater than largest int104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int104(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(104, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
     * greater than largest int96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int96(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(96, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
     * greater than largest int88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int88(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(88, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
     * greater than largest int80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int80(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(80, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
     * greater than largest int72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int72(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(72, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
     * greater than largest int64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int64(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(64, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
     * greater than largest int56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int56(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(56, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
     * greater than largest int48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int48(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(48, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
     * greater than largest int40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int40(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(40, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
     * greater than largest int32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int32(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(32, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
     * greater than largest int24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int24(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(24, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
     * greater than largest int16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int16(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(16, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
     * greater than largest int8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int8(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(8, value);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
     */
    function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
        if (value > uint256(type(int256).max)) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(value);
        }
        return int256(value);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Cast a boolean (false or true) to a uint256 (0 or 1) with no jump.
     */
    function toUint(bool b) internal pure returns (uint256 u) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            u := iszero(iszero(b))
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";
/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
     * However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
     * one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
     */
    function ternary(bool condition, int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        unchecked {
            // branchless ternary works because:
            // b ^ (a ^ b) == a
            // b ^ 0 == b
            return b ^ ((a ^ b) * int256(SafeCast.toUint(condition)));
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return ternary(a > b, a, b);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return ternary(a < b, a, b);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Formula from the "Bit Twiddling Hacks" by Sean Eron Anderson.
            // Since `n` is a signed integer, the generated bytecode will use the SAR opcode to perform the right shift,
            // taking advantage of the most significant (or "sign" bit) in two's complement representation.
            // This opcode adds new most significant bits set to the value of the previous most significant bit. As a result,
            // the mask will either be `bytes32(0)` (if n is positive) or `~bytes32(0)` (if n is negative).
            int256 mask = n >> 255;
            // A `bytes32(0)` mask leaves the input unchanged, while a `~bytes32(0)` mask complements it.
            return uint256((n + mask) ^ mask);
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Panic.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Helper library for emitting standardized panic codes.
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract Example {
 *      using Panic for uint256;
 *
 *      // Use any of the declared internal constants
 *      function foo() { Panic.GENERIC.panic(); }
 *
 *      // Alternatively
 *      function foo() { Panic.panic(Panic.GENERIC); }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Follows the list from https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/blob/v0.8.24/libsolutil/ErrorCodes.h[libsolutil].
 *
 * _Available since v5.1._
 */
// slither-disable-next-line unused-state
library Panic {
    /// @dev generic / unspecified error
    uint256 internal constant GENERIC = 0x00;
    /// @dev used by the assert() builtin
    uint256 internal constant ASSERT = 0x01;
    /// @dev arithmetic underflow or overflow
    uint256 internal constant UNDER_OVERFLOW = 0x11;
    /// @dev division or modulo by zero
    uint256 internal constant DIVISION_BY_ZERO = 0x12;
    /// @dev enum conversion error
    uint256 internal constant ENUM_CONVERSION_ERROR = 0x21;
    /// @dev invalid encoding in storage
    uint256 internal constant STORAGE_ENCODING_ERROR = 0x22;
    /// @dev empty array pop
    uint256 internal constant EMPTY_ARRAY_POP = 0x31;
    /// @dev array out of bounds access
    uint256 internal constant ARRAY_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = 0x32;
    /// @dev resource error (too large allocation or too large array)
    uint256 internal constant RESOURCE_ERROR = 0x41;
    /// @dev calling invalid internal function
    uint256 internal constant INVALID_INTERNAL_FUNCTION = 0x51;
    /// @dev Reverts with a panic code. Recommended to use with
    /// the internal constants with predefined codes.
    function panic(uint256 code) internal pure {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            mstore(0x00, 0x4e487b71)
            mstore(0x20, code)
            revert(0x1c, 0x24)
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.2.0) (utils/Strings.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "./math/SafeCast.sol";
import {SignedMath} from "./math/SignedMath.sol";
/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    using SafeCast for *;
    bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;
    /**
     * @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.
     */
    error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);
    /**
     * @dev The string being parsed contains characters that are not in scope of the given base.
     */
    error StringsInvalidChar();
    /**
     * @dev The string being parsed is not a properly formatted address.
     */
    error StringsInvalidAddressFormat();
    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                assembly ("memory-safe") {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string.concat(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 localValue = value;
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];
            localValue >>= 4;
        }
        if (localValue != 0) {
            revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation, according to EIP-55.
     */
    function toChecksumHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(toHexString(addr));
        // hash the hex part of buffer (skip length + 2 bytes, length 40)
        uint256 hashValue;
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            hashValue := shr(96, keccak256(add(buffer, 0x22), 40))
        }
        for (uint256 i = 41; i > 1; --i) {
            // possible values for buffer[i] are 48 (0) to 57 (9) and 97 (a) to 102 (f)
            if (hashValue & 0xf > 7 && uint8(buffer[i]) > 96) {
                // case shift by xoring with 0x20
                buffer[i] ^= 0x20;
            }
            hashValue >>= 4;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit into an `uint256` type
     */
    function parseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return parseUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseUint} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit into an `uint256` type
     */
    function parseUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseUint(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid
     * character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseUint(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
        return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Implementation of {tryParseUint} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
     * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
     */
    function _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);
        uint256 result = 0;
        for (uint256 i = begin; i < end; ++i) {
            uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));
            if (chr > 9) return (false, 0);
            result *= 10;
            result += chr;
        }
        return (true, result);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `int256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `int256` type.
     */
    function parseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return parseInt(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `int256` type.
     */
    function parseInt(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (int256) {
        (bool success, int256 value) = tryParseInt(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character or if
     * the result does not fit in a `int256`.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
        return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    uint256 private constant ABS_MIN_INT256 = 2 ** 255;
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid
     * character or if the result does not fit in a `int256`.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseInt(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
        return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Implementation of {tryParseInt} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
     * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
     */
    function _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) private pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);
        // Check presence of a negative sign.
        bytes1 sign = begin == end ? bytes1(0) : bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
        bool positiveSign = sign == bytes1("+");
        bool negativeSign = sign == bytes1("-");
        uint256 offset = (positiveSign || negativeSign).toUint();
        (bool absSuccess, uint256 absValue) = tryParseUint(input, begin + offset, end);
        if (absSuccess && absValue < ABS_MIN_INT256) {
            return (true, negativeSign ? -int256(absValue) : int256(absValue));
        } else if (absSuccess && negativeSign && absValue == ABS_MIN_INT256) {
            return (true, type(int256).min);
        } else return (false, 0);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without "0x" prefix), and returns the value as a `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.
     */
    function parseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return parseHexUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.
     */
    function parseHexUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseHexUint(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an
     * invalid character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseHexUint(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
        return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Implementation of {tryParseHexUint} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
     * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
     */
    function _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);
        // skip 0x prefix if present
        bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)) == bytes2("0x"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
        uint256 offset = hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;
        uint256 result = 0;
        for (uint256 i = begin + offset; i < end; ++i) {
            uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));
            if (chr > 15) return (false, 0);
            result *= 16;
            unchecked {
                // Multiplying by 16 is equivalent to a shift of 4 bits (with additional overflow check).
                // This guaratees that adding a value < 16 will not cause an overflow, hence the unchecked.
                result += chr;
            }
        }
        return (true, result);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without "0x" prefix), and returns the value as an `address`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`
     */
    function parseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (address) {
        return parseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseAddress} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`
     */
    function parseAddress(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (address) {
        (bool success, address value) = tryParseAddress(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidAddressFormat();
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because the input is not a properly
     * formatted address. See {parseAddress} requirements.
     */
    function tryParseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {
        return tryParseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because input is not a properly
     * formatted address. See {parseAddress} requirements.
     */
    function tryParseAddress(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, address(0));
        bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes(input), begin)) == bytes2("0x"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
        uint256 expectedLength = 40 + hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;
        // check that input is the correct length
        if (end - begin == expectedLength) {
            // length guarantees that this does not overflow, and value is at most type(uint160).max
            (bool s, uint256 v) = _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
            return (s, address(uint160(v)));
        } else {
            return (false, address(0));
        }
    }
    function _tryParseChr(bytes1 chr) private pure returns (uint8) {
        uint8 value = uint8(chr);
        // Try to parse `chr`:
        // - Case 1: [0-9]
        // - Case 2: [a-f]
        // - Case 3: [A-F]
        // - otherwise not supported
        unchecked {
            if (value > 47 && value < 58) value -= 48;
            else if (value > 96 && value < 103) value -= 87;
            else if (value > 64 && value < 71) value -= 55;
            else return type(uint8).max;
        }
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Reads a bytes32 from a bytes array without bounds checking.
     *
     * NOTE: making this function internal would mean it could be used with memory unsafe offset, and marking the
     * assembly block as such would prevent some optimizations.
     */
    function _unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes memory buffer, uint256 offset) private pure returns (bytes32 value) {
        // This is not memory safe in the general case, but all calls to this private function are within bounds.
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            value := mload(add(buffer, add(0x20, offset)))
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
/// @notice Safe ETH and ERC20 transfer library that gracefully handles missing return values.
/// @author Solady (https://github.com/vectorized/solady/blob/main/src/utils/SafeTransferLib.sol)
/// @author Modified from Solmate (https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/utils/SafeTransferLib.sol)
/// @author Permit2 operations from (https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2/blob/main/src/libraries/Permit2Lib.sol)
///
/// @dev Note:
/// - For ETH transfers, please use `forceSafeTransferETH` for DoS protection.
library SafeTransferLib {
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                       CUSTOM ERRORS                        */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    /// @dev The ETH transfer has failed.
    error ETHTransferFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `transferFrom` has failed.
    error TransferFromFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `transfer` has failed.
    error TransferFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `approve` has failed.
    error ApproveFailed();
    /// @dev The ERC20 `totalSupply` query has failed.
    error TotalSupplyQueryFailed();
    /// @dev The Permit2 operation has failed.
    error Permit2Failed();
    /// @dev The Permit2 amount must be less than `2**160 - 1`.
    error Permit2AmountOverflow();
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                         CONSTANTS                          */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    /// @dev Suggested gas stipend for contract receiving ETH that disallows any storage writes.
    uint256 internal constant GAS_STIPEND_NO_STORAGE_WRITES = 2300;
    /// @dev Suggested gas stipend for contract receiving ETH to perform a few
    /// storage reads and writes, but low enough to prevent griefing.
    uint256 internal constant GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF = 100000;
    /// @dev The unique EIP-712 domain domain separator for the DAI token contract.
    bytes32 internal constant DAI_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR =
        0xdbb8cf42e1ecb028be3f3dbc922e1d878b963f411dc388ced501601c60f7c6f7;
    /// @dev The address for the WETH9 contract on Ethereum mainnet.
    address internal constant WETH9 = 0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2;
    /// @dev The canonical Permit2 address.
    /// [Github](https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2)
    /// [Etherscan](https://etherscan.io/address/0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3)
    address internal constant PERMIT2 = 0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3;
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                       ETH OPERATIONS                       */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    // If the ETH transfer MUST succeed with a reasonable gas budget, use the force variants.
    //
    // The regular variants:
    // - Forwards all remaining gas to the target.
    // - Reverts if the target reverts.
    // - Reverts if the current contract has insufficient balance.
    //
    // The force variants:
    // - Forwards with an optional gas stipend
    //   (defaults to `GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF`, which is sufficient for most cases).
    // - If the target reverts, or if the gas stipend is exhausted,
    //   creates a temporary contract to force send the ETH via `SELFDESTRUCT`.
    //   Future compatible with `SENDALL`: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4758.
    // - Reverts if the current contract has insufficient balance.
    //
    // The try variants:
    // - Forwards with a mandatory gas stipend.
    // - Instead of reverting, returns whether the transfer succeeded.
    /// @dev Sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`.
    function safeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if iszero(call(gas(), to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`.
    function safeTransferAllETH(address to) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Transfer all the ETH and check if it succeeded or not.
            if iszero(call(gas(), to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function forceSafeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount, uint256 gasStipend) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if lt(selfbalance(), amount) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            if iszero(call(gasStipend, to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(amount, 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function forceSafeTransferAllETH(address to, uint256 gasStipend) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if iszero(call(gasStipend, to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(selfbalance(), 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`, with `GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF`.
    function forceSafeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            if lt(selfbalance(), amount) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xb12d13eb) // `ETHTransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            if iszero(call(GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF, to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(amount, 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Force sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`, with `GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF`.
    function forceSafeTransferAllETH(address to) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // forgefmt: disable-next-item
            if iszero(call(GAS_STIPEND_NO_GRIEF, to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)) {
                mstore(0x00, to) // Store the address in scratch space.
                mstore8(0x0b, 0x73) // Opcode `PUSH20`.
                mstore8(0x20, 0xff) // Opcode `SELFDESTRUCT`.
                if iszero(create(selfbalance(), 0x0b, 0x16)) { revert(codesize(), codesize()) } // For gas estimation.
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` (in wei) ETH to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function trySafeTransferETH(address to, uint256 amount, uint256 gasStipend)
        internal
        returns (bool success)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            success := call(gasStipend, to, amount, codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all the ETH in the current contract to `to`, with a `gasStipend`.
    function trySafeTransferAllETH(address to, uint256 gasStipend)
        internal
        returns (bool success)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            success := call(gasStipend, to, selfbalance(), codesize(), 0x00, codesize(), 0x00)
        }
    }
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                      ERC20 OPERATIONS                      */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have at least `amount` approved for
    /// the current contract to manage.
    function safeTransferFrom(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x60, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x40, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x2c, shl(96, from)) // Store the `from` argument.
            mstore(0x0c, 0x23b872dd000000000000000000000000) // `transferFrom(address,address,uint256)`.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x7939f424) // `TransferFromFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot to zero.
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have at least `amount` approved for the current contract to manage.
    function trySafeTransferFrom(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount)
        internal
        returns (bool success)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x60, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x40, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x2c, shl(96, from)) // Store the `from` argument.
            mstore(0x0c, 0x23b872dd000000000000000000000000) // `transferFrom(address,address,uint256)`.
            success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                success := lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)
            }
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot to zero.
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have their entire balance approved for the current contract to manage.
    function safeTransferAllFrom(address token, address from, address to)
        internal
        returns (uint256 amount)
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40) // Cache the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x40, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x2c, shl(96, from)) // Store the `from` argument.
            mstore(0x0c, 0x70a08231000000000000000000000000) // `balanceOf(address)`.
            // Read the balance, reverting upon failure.
            if iszero(
                and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // At least 32 bytes returned.
                    staticcall(gas(), token, 0x1c, 0x24, 0x60, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x7939f424) // `TransferFromFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            mstore(0x00, 0x23b872dd) // `transferFrom(address,address,uint256)`.
            amount := mload(0x60) // The `amount` is already at 0x60. We'll need to return it.
            // Perform the transfer, reverting upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x1c, 0x64, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x7939f424) // `TransferFromFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero slot to zero.
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from the current contract to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeTransfer(address token, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x34, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000) // `transfer(address,uint256)`.
            // Perform the transfer, reverting upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x90b8ec18) // `TransferFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends all of ERC20 `token` from the current contract to `to`.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeTransferAll(address token, address to) internal returns (uint256 amount) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, 0x70a08231) // Store the function selector of `balanceOf(address)`.
            mstore(0x20, address()) // Store the address of the current contract.
            // Read the balance, reverting upon failure.
            if iszero(
                and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // At least 32 bytes returned.
                    staticcall(gas(), token, 0x1c, 0x24, 0x34, 0x20)
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x90b8ec18) // `TransferFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            amount := mload(0x34) // The `amount` is already at 0x34. We'll need to return it.
            mstore(0x00, 0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000) // `transfer(address,uint256)`.
            // Perform the transfer, reverting upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x90b8ec18) // `TransferFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sets `amount` of ERC20 `token` for `to` to manage on behalf of the current contract.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeApprove(address token, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x34, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0x095ea7b3000000000000000000000000) // `approve(address,uint256)`.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x3e3f8f73) // `ApproveFailed()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sets `amount` of ERC20 `token` for `to` to manage on behalf of the current contract.
    /// If the initial attempt to approve fails, attempts to reset the approved amount to zero,
    /// then retries the approval again (some tokens, e.g. USDT, requires this).
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function safeApproveWithRetry(address token, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, to) // Store the `to` argument.
            mstore(0x34, amount) // Store the `amount` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0x095ea7b3000000000000000000000000) // `approve(address,uint256)`.
            // Perform the approval, retrying upon failure.
            let success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
            if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                    mstore(0x34, 0) // Store 0 for the `amount`.
                    mstore(0x00, 0x095ea7b3000000000000000000000000) // `approve(address,uint256)`.
                    pop(call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, codesize(), 0x00)) // Reset the approval.
                    mstore(0x34, amount) // Store back the original `amount`.
                    // Retry the approval, reverting upon failure.
                    success := call(gas(), token, 0, 0x10, 0x44, 0x00, 0x20)
                    if iszero(and(eq(mload(0x00), 1), success)) {
                        // Check the `extcodesize` again just in case the token selfdestructs lol.
                        if iszero(lt(or(iszero(extcodesize(token)), returndatasize()), success)) {
                            mstore(0x00, 0x3e3f8f73) // `ApproveFailed()`.
                            revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            mstore(0x34, 0) // Restore the part of the free memory pointer that was overwritten.
        }
    }
    /// @dev Returns the amount of ERC20 `token` owned by `account`.
    /// Returns zero if the `token` does not exist.
    function balanceOf(address token, address account) internal view returns (uint256 amount) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x14, account) // Store the `account` argument.
            mstore(0x00, 0x70a08231000000000000000000000000) // `balanceOf(address)`.
            amount :=
                mul( // The arguments of `mul` are evaluated from right to left.
                    mload(0x20),
                    and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                        gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), // At least 32 bytes returned.
                        staticcall(gas(), token, 0x10, 0x24, 0x20, 0x20)
                    )
                )
        }
    }
    /// @dev Returns the total supply of the `token`.
    /// Reverts if the token does not exist or does not implement `totalSupply()`.
    function totalSupply(address token) internal view returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, 0x18160ddd) // `totalSupply()`.
            if iszero(
                and(gt(returndatasize(), 0x1f), staticcall(gas(), token, 0x1c, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20))
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x54cd9435) // `TotalSupplyQueryFailed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            result := mload(0x00)
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to`.
    /// If the initial attempt fails, try to use Permit2 to transfer the token.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    ///
    /// The `from` account must have at least `amount` approved for the current contract to manage.
    function safeTransferFrom2(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        if (!trySafeTransferFrom(token, from, to, amount)) {
            permit2TransferFrom(token, from, to, amount);
        }
    }
    /// @dev Sends `amount` of ERC20 `token` from `from` to `to` via Permit2.
    /// Reverts upon failure.
    function permit2TransferFrom(address token, address from, address to, uint256 amount)
        internal
    {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(add(m, 0x74), shr(96, shl(96, token)))
            mstore(add(m, 0x54), amount)
            mstore(add(m, 0x34), to)
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), shl(96, from))
            // `transferFrom(address,address,uint160,address)`.
            mstore(m, 0x36c78516000000000000000000000000)
            let p := PERMIT2
            let exists := eq(chainid(), 1)
            if iszero(exists) { exists := iszero(iszero(extcodesize(p))) }
            if iszero(
                and(
                    call(gas(), p, 0, add(m, 0x10), 0x84, codesize(), 0x00),
                    lt(iszero(extcodesize(token)), exists) // Token has code and Permit2 exists.
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x7939f4248757f0fd) // `TransferFromFailed()` or `Permit2AmountOverflow()`.
                revert(add(0x18, shl(2, iszero(iszero(shr(160, amount))))), 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
    /// @dev Permit a user to spend a given amount of
    /// another user's tokens via native EIP-2612 permit if possible, falling
    /// back to Permit2 if native permit fails or is not implemented on the token.
    function permit2(
        address token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        bool success;
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            for {} shl(96, xor(token, WETH9)) {} {
                mstore(0x00, 0x3644e515) // `DOMAIN_SEPARATOR()`.
                if iszero(
                    and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                        lt(iszero(mload(0x00)), eq(returndatasize(), 0x20)), // Returns 1 non-zero word.
                        // Gas stipend to limit gas burn for tokens that don't refund gas when
                        // an non-existing function is called. 5K should be enough for a SLOAD.
                        staticcall(5000, token, 0x1c, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20)
                    )
                ) { break }
                // After here, we can be sure that token is a contract.
                let m := mload(0x40)
                mstore(add(m, 0x34), spender)
                mstore(add(m, 0x20), shl(96, owner))
                mstore(add(m, 0x74), deadline)
                if eq(mload(0x00), DAI_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR) {
                    mstore(0x14, owner)
                    mstore(0x00, 0x7ecebe00000000000000000000000000) // `nonces(address)`.
                    mstore(
                        add(m, 0x94),
                        lt(iszero(amount), staticcall(gas(), token, 0x10, 0x24, add(m, 0x54), 0x20))
                    )
                    mstore(m, 0x8fcbaf0c000000000000000000000000) // `IDAIPermit.permit`.
                    // `nonces` is already at `add(m, 0x54)`.
                    // `amount != 0` is already stored at `add(m, 0x94)`.
                    mstore(add(m, 0xb4), and(0xff, v))
                    mstore(add(m, 0xd4), r)
                    mstore(add(m, 0xf4), s)
                    success := call(gas(), token, 0, add(m, 0x10), 0x104, codesize(), 0x00)
                    break
                }
                mstore(m, 0xd505accf000000000000000000000000) // `IERC20Permit.permit`.
                mstore(add(m, 0x54), amount)
                mstore(add(m, 0x94), and(0xff, v))
                mstore(add(m, 0xb4), r)
                mstore(add(m, 0xd4), s)
                success := call(gas(), token, 0, add(m, 0x10), 0xe4, codesize(), 0x00)
                break
            }
        }
        if (!success) simplePermit2(token, owner, spender, amount, deadline, v, r, s);
    }
    /// @dev Simple permit on the Permit2 contract.
    function simplePermit2(
        address token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40)
            mstore(m, 0x927da105) // `allowance(address,address,address)`.
            {
                let addressMask := shr(96, not(0))
                mstore(add(m, 0x20), and(addressMask, owner))
                mstore(add(m, 0x40), and(addressMask, token))
                mstore(add(m, 0x60), and(addressMask, spender))
                mstore(add(m, 0xc0), and(addressMask, spender))
            }
            let p := mul(PERMIT2, iszero(shr(160, amount)))
            if iszero(
                and( // The arguments of `and` are evaluated from right to left.
                    gt(returndatasize(), 0x5f), // Returns 3 words: `amount`, `expiration`, `nonce`.
                    staticcall(gas(), p, add(m, 0x1c), 0x64, add(m, 0x60), 0x60)
                )
            ) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x6b836e6b8757f0fd) // `Permit2Failed()` or `Permit2AmountOverflow()`.
                revert(add(0x18, shl(2, iszero(p))), 0x04)
            }
            mstore(m, 0x2b67b570) // `Permit2.permit` (PermitSingle variant).
            // `owner` is already `add(m, 0x20)`.
            // `token` is already at `add(m, 0x40)`.
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), amount)
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), 0xffffffffffff) // `expiration = type(uint48).max`.
            // `nonce` is already at `add(m, 0xa0)`.
            // `spender` is already at `add(m, 0xc0)`.
            mstore(add(m, 0xe0), deadline)
            mstore(add(m, 0x100), 0x100) // `signature` offset.
            mstore(add(m, 0x120), 0x41) // `signature` length.
            mstore(add(m, 0x140), r)
            mstore(add(m, 0x160), s)
            mstore(add(m, 0x180), shl(248, v))
            if iszero( // Revert if token does not have code, or if the call fails.
            mul(extcodesize(token), call(gas(), p, 0, add(m, 0x1c), 0x184, codesize(), 0x00))) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x6b836e6b) // `Permit2Failed()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
        }
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
/* solhint-disable reason-string */
import {Ownable2Step} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol";
import {Ownable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import {IERC165} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
import "../interfaces/IPaymaster.sol";
import "../interfaces/IEntryPoint.sol";
import "./UserOperationLib.sol";
/**
 * Helper class for creating a paymaster.
 * provides helper methods for staking.
 * Validates that the postOp is called only by the entryPoint.
 */
abstract contract BasePaymaster is IPaymaster, Ownable2Step {
    IEntryPoint public immutable entryPoint;
    uint256 internal constant PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET = UserOperationLib.PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET;
    uint256 internal constant PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET = UserOperationLib.PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET;
    uint256 internal constant PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET = UserOperationLib.PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET;
    constructor(IEntryPoint _entryPoint, address owner) Ownable(owner) {
        _validateEntryPointInterface(_entryPoint);
        entryPoint = _entryPoint;
    }
    //sanity check: make sure this EntryPoint was compiled against the same
    // IEntryPoint of this paymaster
    function _validateEntryPointInterface(IEntryPoint _entryPoint) internal virtual {
        require(
            IERC165(address(_entryPoint)).supportsInterface(type(IEntryPoint).interfaceId),
            "IEntryPoint interface mismatch"
        );
    }
    /// @inheritdoc IPaymaster
    function validatePaymasterUserOp(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp, bytes32 userOpHash, uint256 maxCost)
        external
        override
        returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData)
    {
        _requireFromEntryPoint();
        return _validatePaymasterUserOp(userOp, userOpHash, maxCost);
    }
    /**
     * Validate a user operation.
     * @param userOp     - The user operation.
     * @param userOpHash - The hash of the user operation.
     * @param maxCost    - The maximum cost of the user operation.
     */
    function _validatePaymasterUserOp(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp, bytes32 userOpHash, uint256 maxCost)
        internal
        virtual
        returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData);
    /// @inheritdoc IPaymaster
    function postOp(PostOpMode mode, bytes calldata context, uint256 actualGasCost, uint256 actualUserOpFeePerGas)
        external
        override
    {
        _requireFromEntryPoint();
        _postOp(mode, context, actualGasCost, actualUserOpFeePerGas);
    }
    /**
     * Post-operation handler.
     * (verified to be called only through the entryPoint)
     * @dev If subclass returns a non-empty context from validatePaymasterUserOp,
     *      it must also implement this method.
     * @param mode          - Enum with the following options:
     *                        opSucceeded - User operation succeeded.
     *                        opReverted  - User op reverted. The paymaster still has to pay for gas.
     *                        postOpReverted - never passed in a call to postOp().
     * @param context       - The context value returned by validatePaymasterUserOp
     * @param actualGasCost - Actual gas used so far (without this postOp call).
     * @param actualUserOpFeePerGas - the gas price this UserOp pays. This value is based on the UserOp's maxFeePerGas
     *                        and maxPriorityFee (and basefee)
     *                        It is not the same as tx.gasprice, which is what the bundler pays.
     */
    function _postOp(PostOpMode mode, bytes calldata context, uint256 actualGasCost, uint256 actualUserOpFeePerGas)
        internal
        virtual
    {
        (mode, context, actualGasCost, actualUserOpFeePerGas); // unused params
        // subclass must override this method if validatePaymasterUserOp returns a context
        revert("must override");
    }
    /**
     * Add a deposit for this paymaster, used for paying for transaction fees.
     */
    function deposit() public payable {
        entryPoint.depositTo{value: msg.value}(address(this));
    }
    /**
     * Withdraw value from the deposit.
     * @param withdrawAddress - Target to send to.
     * @param amount          - Amount to withdraw.
     */
    function withdrawTo(address payable withdrawAddress, uint256 amount) public onlyOwner {
        entryPoint.withdrawTo(withdrawAddress, amount);
    }
    /**
     * Add stake for this paymaster.
     * This method can also carry eth value to add to the current stake.
     * @param unstakeDelaySec - The unstake delay for this paymaster. Can only be increased.
     */
    function addStake(uint32 unstakeDelaySec) external payable onlyOwner {
        entryPoint.addStake{value: msg.value}(unstakeDelaySec);
    }
    /**
     * Return current paymaster's deposit on the entryPoint.
     */
    function getDeposit() public view returns (uint256) {
        return entryPoint.balanceOf(address(this));
    }
    /**
     * Unlock the stake, in order to withdraw it.
     * The paymaster can't serve requests once unlocked, until it calls addStake again
     */
    function unlockStake() external onlyOwner {
        entryPoint.unlockStake();
    }
    /**
     * Withdraw the entire paymaster's stake.
     * stake must be unlocked first (and then wait for the unstakeDelay to be over)
     * @param withdrawAddress - The address to send withdrawn value.
     */
    function withdrawStake(address payable withdrawAddress) external onlyOwner {
        entryPoint.withdrawStake(withdrawAddress);
    }
    /**
     * Validate the call is made from a valid entrypoint
     */
    function _requireFromEntryPoint() internal virtual {
        require(msg.sender == address(entryPoint), "Sender not EntryPoint");
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
/* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
/*
 * For simulation purposes, validateUserOp (and validatePaymasterUserOp)
 * must return this value in case of signature failure, instead of revert.
 */
uint256 constant SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED = 1;
/*
 * For simulation purposes, validateUserOp (and validatePaymasterUserOp)
 * return this value on success.
 */
uint256 constant SIG_VALIDATION_SUCCESS = 0;
/**
 * Returned data from validateUserOp.
 * validateUserOp returns a uint256, which is created by `_packedValidationData` and
 * parsed by `_parseValidationData`.
 * @param aggregator  - address(0) - The account validated the signature by itself.
 *                      address(1) - The account failed to validate the signature.
 *                      otherwise - This is an address of a signature aggregator that must
 *                                  be used to validate the signature.
 * @param validAfter  - This UserOp is valid only after this timestamp.
 * @param validaUntil - This UserOp is valid only up to this timestamp.
 */
struct ValidationData {
    address aggregator;
    uint48 validAfter;
    uint48 validUntil;
}
/**
 * Extract sigFailed, validAfter, validUntil.
 * Also convert zero validUntil to type(uint48).max.
 * @param validationData - The packed validation data.
 */
function _parseValidationData(uint256 validationData) pure returns (ValidationData memory data) {
    address aggregator = address(uint160(validationData));
    uint48 validUntil = uint48(validationData >> 160);
    if (validUntil == 0) {
        validUntil = type(uint48).max;
    }
    uint48 validAfter = uint48(validationData >> (48 + 160));
    return ValidationData(aggregator, validAfter, validUntil);
}
/**
 * Helper to pack the return value for validateUserOp.
 * @param data - The ValidationData to pack.
 */
function _packValidationData(ValidationData memory data) pure returns (uint256) {
    return uint160(data.aggregator) | (uint256(data.validUntil) << 160) | (uint256(data.validAfter) << (160 + 48));
}
/**
 * Helper to pack the return value for validateUserOp, when not using an aggregator.
 * @param sigFailed  - True for signature failure, false for success.
 * @param validUntil - Last timestamp this UserOperation is valid (or zero for infinite).
 * @param validAfter - First timestamp this UserOperation is valid.
 */
function _packValidationData(bool sigFailed, uint48 validUntil, uint48 validAfter) pure returns (uint256) {
    return (sigFailed ? 1 : 0) | (uint256(validUntil) << 160) | (uint256(validAfter) << (160 + 48));
}
function _packTokenDataWithSender(bytes32 userOpHash, address sender, address token, uint256 balance)
    pure
    returns (bytes memory)
{
    return abi.encode(userOpHash, sender, token, balance);
}
/**
 * keccak function over calldata.
 * @dev copy calldata into memory, do keccak and drop allocated memory. Strangely, this is more efficient than letting solidity do it.
 */
function calldataKeccak(bytes calldata data) pure returns (bytes32 ret) {
    assembly ("memory-safe") {
        let mem := mload(0x40)
        let len := data.length
        calldatacopy(mem, data.offset, len)
        ret := keccak256(mem, len)
    }
}
/**
 * The minimum of two numbers.
 * @param a - First number.
 * @param b - Second number.
 */
function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) pure returns (uint256) {
    return a < b ? a : b;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
/* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
import "../interfaces/PackedUserOperation.sol";
import {calldataKeccak, min} from "./Helpers.sol";
/**
 * Utility functions helpful when working with UserOperation structs.
 */
library UserOperationLib {
    uint256 public constant PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET = 20;
    uint256 public constant PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET = 36;
    uint256 public constant PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET = 52;
    /**
     * Get sender from user operation data.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function getSender(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (address) {
        address data;
        //read sender from userOp, which is first userOp member (saves 800 gas...)
        assembly {
            data := calldataload(userOp)
        }
        return address(uint160(data));
    }
    /**
     * Relayer/block builder might submit the TX with higher priorityFee,
     * but the user should not pay above what he signed for.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function gasPrice(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal view returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            (uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas, uint256 maxFeePerGas) = unpackUints(userOp.gasFees);
            if (maxFeePerGas == maxPriorityFeePerGas) {
                //legacy mode (for networks that don't support basefee opcode)
                return maxFeePerGas;
            }
            return min(maxFeePerGas, maxPriorityFeePerGas + block.basefee);
        }
    }
    /**
     * Pack the user operation data into bytes for hashing.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function encode(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (bytes memory ret) {
        address sender = getSender(userOp);
        uint256 nonce = userOp.nonce;
        bytes32 hashInitCode = calldataKeccak(userOp.initCode);
        bytes32 hashCallData = calldataKeccak(userOp.callData);
        bytes32 accountGasLimits = userOp.accountGasLimits;
        uint256 preVerificationGas = userOp.preVerificationGas;
        bytes32 gasFees = userOp.gasFees;
        bytes32 hashPaymasterAndData = calldataKeccak(userOp.paymasterAndData);
        return abi.encode(
            sender,
            nonce,
            hashInitCode,
            hashCallData,
            accountGasLimits,
            preVerificationGas,
            gasFees,
            hashPaymasterAndData
        );
    }
    function unpackUints(bytes32 packed) internal pure returns (uint256 high128, uint256 low128) {
        return (uint128(bytes16(packed)), uint128(uint256(packed)));
    }
    //unpack just the high 128-bits from a packed value
    function unpackHigh128(bytes32 packed) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(packed) >> 128;
    }
    // unpack just the low 128-bits from a packed value
    function unpackLow128(bytes32 packed) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint128(uint256(packed));
    }
    function unpackMaxPriorityFeePerGas(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackHigh128(userOp.gasFees);
    }
    function unpackMaxFeePerGas(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackLow128(userOp.gasFees);
    }
    function unpackVerificationGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackHigh128(userOp.accountGasLimits);
    }
    function unpackCallGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return unpackLow128(userOp.accountGasLimits);
    }
    function unpackPaymasterVerificationGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint128(bytes16(userOp.paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET:PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET]));
    }
    function unpackPostOpGasLimit(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint128(bytes16(userOp.paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET:PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET]));
    }
    function unpackPaymasterStaticFields(bytes calldata paymasterAndData)
        internal
        pure
        returns (address paymaster, uint256 validationGasLimit, uint256 postOpGasLimit)
    {
        return (
            address(bytes20(paymasterAndData[:PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET])),
            uint128(bytes16(paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET:PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET])),
            uint128(bytes16(paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_POSTOP_GAS_OFFSET:PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET]))
        );
    }
    /**
     * Hash the user operation data.
     * @param userOp - The user operation data.
     */
    function hash(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(encode(userOp));
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
/**
 * Aggregated Signatures validator.
 */
interface IAggregator {
    /**
     * Validate aggregated signature.
     * Revert if the aggregated signature does not match the given list of operations.
     * @param userOps   - Array of UserOperations to validate the signature for.
     * @param signature - The aggregated signature.
     */
    function validateSignatures(PackedUserOperation[] calldata userOps, bytes calldata signature) external view;
    /**
     * Validate signature of a single userOp.
     * This method should be called by bundler after EntryPointSimulation.simulateValidation() returns
     * the aggregator this account uses.
     * First it validates the signature over the userOp. Then it returns data to be used when creating the handleOps.
     * @param userOp        - The userOperation received from the user.
     * @return sigForUserOp - The value to put into the signature field of the userOp when calling handleOps.
     *                        (usually empty, unless account and aggregator support some kind of "multisig".
     */
    function validateUserOpSignature(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp)
        external
        view
        returns (bytes memory sigForUserOp);
    /**
     * Aggregate multiple signatures into a single value.
     * This method is called off-chain to calculate the signature to pass with handleOps()
     * bundler MAY use optimized custom code perform this aggregation.
     * @param userOps              - Array of UserOperations to collect the signatures from.
     * @return aggregatedSignature - The aggregated signature.
     */
    function aggregateSignatures(PackedUserOperation[] calldata userOps)
        external
        view
        returns (bytes memory aggregatedSignature);
}
/**
 * Account-Abstraction (EIP-4337) singleton EntryPoint implementation.
 * Only one instance required on each chain.
 *
 */
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
/* solhint-disable avoid-low-level-calls */
/* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
/* solhint-disable reason-string */
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
import "./IStakeManager.sol";
import "./IAggregator.sol";
import "./INonceManager.sol";
interface IEntryPoint is IStakeManager, INonceManager {
    /**
     *
     * An event emitted after each successful request.
     * @param userOpHash    - Unique identifier for the request (hash its entire content, except signature).
     * @param sender        - The account that generates this request.
     * @param paymaster     - If non-null, the paymaster that pays for this request.
     * @param nonce         - The nonce value from the request.
     * @param success       - True if the sender transaction succeeded, false if reverted.
     * @param actualGasCost - Actual amount paid (by account or paymaster) for this UserOperation.
     * @param actualGasUsed - Total gas used by this UserOperation (including preVerification, creation,
     *                        validation and execution).
     */
    event UserOperationEvent(
        bytes32 indexed userOpHash,
        address indexed sender,
        address indexed paymaster,
        uint256 nonce,
        bool success,
        uint256 actualGasCost,
        uint256 actualGasUsed
    );
    /**
     * Account "sender" was deployed.
     * @param userOpHash - The userOp that deployed this account. UserOperationEvent will follow.
     * @param sender     - The account that is deployed
     * @param factory    - The factory used to deploy this account (in the initCode)
     * @param paymaster  - The paymaster used by this UserOp
     */
    event AccountDeployed(bytes32 indexed userOpHash, address indexed sender, address factory, address paymaster);
    /**
     * An event emitted if the UserOperation "callData" reverted with non-zero length.
     * @param userOpHash   - The request unique identifier.
     * @param sender       - The sender of this request.
     * @param nonce        - The nonce used in the request.
     * @param revertReason - The return bytes from the (reverted) call to "callData".
     */
    event UserOperationRevertReason(
        bytes32 indexed userOpHash, address indexed sender, uint256 nonce, bytes revertReason
    );
    /**
     * An event emitted if the UserOperation Paymaster's "postOp" call reverted with non-zero length.
     * @param userOpHash   - The request unique identifier.
     * @param sender       - The sender of this request.
     * @param nonce        - The nonce used in the request.
     * @param revertReason - The return bytes from the (reverted) call to "callData".
     */
    event PostOpRevertReason(bytes32 indexed userOpHash, address indexed sender, uint256 nonce, bytes revertReason);
    /**
     * UserOp consumed more than prefund. The UserOperation is reverted, and no refund is made.
     * @param userOpHash   - The request unique identifier.
     * @param sender       - The sender of this request.
     * @param nonce        - The nonce used in the request.
     */
    event UserOperationPrefundTooLow(bytes32 indexed userOpHash, address indexed sender, uint256 nonce);
    /**
     * An event emitted by handleOps(), before starting the execution loop.
     * Any event emitted before this event, is part of the validation.
     */
    event BeforeExecution();
    /**
     * Signature aggregator used by the following UserOperationEvents within this bundle.
     * @param aggregator - The aggregator used for the following UserOperationEvents.
     */
    event SignatureAggregatorChanged(address indexed aggregator);
    /**
     * A custom revert error of handleOps, to identify the offending op.
     * Should be caught in off-chain handleOps simulation and not happen on-chain.
     * Useful for mitigating DoS attempts against batchers or for troubleshooting of factory/account/paymaster reverts.
     * NOTE: If simulateValidation passes successfully, there should be no reason for handleOps to fail on it.
     * @param opIndex - Index into the array of ops to the failed one (in simulateValidation, this is always zero).
     * @param reason  - Revert reason. The string starts with a unique code "AAmn",
     *                  where "m" is "1" for factory, "2" for account and "3" for paymaster issues,
     *                  so a failure can be attributed to the correct entity.
     */
    error FailedOp(uint256 opIndex, string reason);
    /**
     * A custom revert error of handleOps, to report a revert by account or paymaster.
     * @param opIndex - Index into the array of ops to the failed one (in simulateValidation, this is always zero).
     * @param reason  - Revert reason. see FailedOp(uint256,string), above
     * @param inner   - data from inner cought revert reason
     * @dev note that inner is truncated to 2048 bytes
     */
    error FailedOpWithRevert(uint256 opIndex, string reason, bytes inner);
    error PostOpReverted(bytes returnData);
    /**
     * Error case when a signature aggregator fails to verify the aggregated signature it had created.
     * @param aggregator The aggregator that failed to verify the signature
     */
    error SignatureValidationFailed(address aggregator);
    // Return value of getSenderAddress.
    error SenderAddressResult(address sender);
    // UserOps handled, per aggregator.
    struct UserOpsPerAggregator {
        PackedUserOperation[] userOps;
        // Aggregator address
        IAggregator aggregator;
        // Aggregated signature
        bytes signature;
    }
    /**
     * Execute a batch of UserOperations.
     * No signature aggregator is used.
     * If any account requires an aggregator (that is, it returned an aggregator when
     * performing simulateValidation), then handleAggregatedOps() must be used instead.
     * @param ops         - The operations to execute.
     * @param beneficiary - The address to receive the fees.
     */
    function handleOps(PackedUserOperation[] calldata ops, address payable beneficiary) external;
    /**
     * Execute a batch of UserOperation with Aggregators
     * @param opsPerAggregator - The operations to execute, grouped by aggregator (or address(0) for no-aggregator accounts).
     * @param beneficiary      - The address to receive the fees.
     */
    function handleAggregatedOps(UserOpsPerAggregator[] calldata opsPerAggregator, address payable beneficiary)
        external;
    /**
     * Generate a request Id - unique identifier for this request.
     * The request ID is a hash over the content of the userOp (except the signature), the entrypoint and the chainid.
     * @param userOp - The user operation to generate the request ID for.
     * @return hash the hash of this UserOperation
     */
    function getUserOpHash(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp) external view returns (bytes32);
    /**
     * Gas and return values during simulation.
     * @param preOpGas         - The gas used for validation (including preValidationGas)
     * @param prefund          - The required prefund for this operation
     * @param accountValidationData   - returned validationData from account.
     * @param paymasterValidationData - return validationData from paymaster.
     * @param paymasterContext - Returned by validatePaymasterUserOp (to be passed into postOp)
     */
    struct ReturnInfo {
        uint256 preOpGas;
        uint256 prefund;
        uint256 accountValidationData;
        uint256 paymasterValidationData;
        bytes paymasterContext;
    }
    /**
     * Returned aggregated signature info:
     * The aggregator returned by the account, and its current stake.
     */
    struct AggregatorStakeInfo {
        address aggregator;
        StakeInfo stakeInfo;
    }
    /**
     * Get counterfactual sender address.
     * Calculate the sender contract address that will be generated by the initCode and salt in the UserOperation.
     * This method always revert, and returns the address in SenderAddressResult error
     * @param initCode - The constructor code to be passed into the UserOperation.
     */
    function getSenderAddress(bytes memory initCode) external;
    error DelegateAndRevert(bool success, bytes ret);
    /**
     * Helper method for dry-run testing.
     * @dev calling this method, the EntryPoint will make a delegatecall to the given data, and report (via revert) the result.
     *  The method always revert, so is only useful off-chain for dry run calls, in cases where state-override to replace
     *  actual EntryPoint code is less convenient.
     * @param target a target contract to make a delegatecall from entrypoint
     * @param data data to pass to target in a delegatecall
     */
    function delegateAndRevert(address target, bytes calldata data) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
interface INonceManager {
    /**
     * Return the next nonce for this sender.
     * Within a given key, the nonce values are sequenced (starting with zero, and incremented by one on each userop)
     * But UserOp with different keys can come with arbitrary order.
     *
     * @param sender the account address
     * @param key the high 192 bit of the nonce
     * @return nonce a full nonce to pass for next UserOp with this sender.
     */
    function getNonce(address sender, uint192 key) external view returns (uint256 nonce);
    /**
     * Manually increment the nonce of the sender.
     * This method is exposed just for completeness..
     * Account does NOT need to call it, neither during validation, nor elsewhere,
     * as the EntryPoint will update the nonce regardless.
     * Possible use-case is call it with various keys to "initialize" their nonces to one, so that future
     * UserOperations will not pay extra for the first transaction with a given key.
     */
    function incrementNonce(uint192 key) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
import "./PackedUserOperation.sol";
/**
 * The interface exposed by a paymaster contract, who agrees to pay the gas for user's operations.
 * A paymaster must hold a stake to cover the required entrypoint stake and also the gas for the transaction.
 */
interface IPaymaster {
    enum PostOpMode {
        // User op succeeded.
        opSucceeded,
        // User op reverted. Still has to pay for gas.
        opReverted,
        // Only used internally in the EntryPoint (cleanup after postOp reverts). Never calling paymaster with this value
        postOpReverted
    }
    /**
     * Payment validation: check if paymaster agrees to pay.
     * Must verify sender is the entryPoint.
     * Revert to reject this request.
     * Note that bundlers will reject this method if it changes the state, unless the paymaster is trusted (whitelisted).
     * The paymaster pre-pays using its deposit, and receive back a refund after the postOp method returns.
     * @param userOp          - The user operation.
     * @param userOpHash      - Hash of the user's request data.
     * @param maxCost         - The maximum cost of this transaction (based on maximum gas and gas price from userOp).
     * @return context        - Value to send to a postOp. Zero length to signify postOp is not required.
     * @return validationData - Signature and time-range of this operation, encoded the same as the return
     *                          value of validateUserOperation.
     *                          <20-byte> sigAuthorizer - 0 for valid signature, 1 to mark signature failure,
     *                                                    other values are invalid for paymaster.
     *                          <6-byte> validUntil - last timestamp this operation is valid. 0 for "indefinite"
     *                          <6-byte> validAfter - first timestamp this operation is valid
     *                          Note that the validation code cannot use block.timestamp (or block.number) directly.
     */
    function validatePaymasterUserOp(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp, bytes32 userOpHash, uint256 maxCost)
        external
        returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData);
    /**
     * Post-operation handler.
     * Must verify sender is the entryPoint.
     * @param mode          - Enum with the following options:
     *                        opSucceeded - User operation succeeded.
     *                        opReverted  - User op reverted. The paymaster still has to pay for gas.
     *                        postOpReverted - never passed in a call to postOp().
     * @param context       - The context value returned by validatePaymasterUserOp
     * @param actualGasCost - Actual gas used so far (without this postOp call).
     * @param actualUserOpFeePerGas - the gas price this UserOp pays. This value is based on the UserOp's maxFeePerGas
     *                        and maxPriorityFee (and basefee)
     *                        It is not the same as tx.gasprice, which is what the bundler pays.
     */
    function postOp(PostOpMode mode, bytes calldata context, uint256 actualGasCost, uint256 actualUserOpFeePerGas)
        external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
/**
 * Manage deposits and stakes.
 * Deposit is just a balance used to pay for UserOperations (either by a paymaster or an account).
 * Stake is value locked for at least "unstakeDelay" by the staked entity.
 */
interface IStakeManager {
    event Deposited(address indexed account, uint256 totalDeposit);
    event Withdrawn(address indexed account, address withdrawAddress, uint256 amount);
    // Emitted when stake or unstake delay are modified.
    event StakeLocked(address indexed account, uint256 totalStaked, uint256 unstakeDelaySec);
    // Emitted once a stake is scheduled for withdrawal.
    event StakeUnlocked(address indexed account, uint256 withdrawTime);
    event StakeWithdrawn(address indexed account, address withdrawAddress, uint256 amount);
    /**
     * @param deposit         - The entity's deposit.
     * @param staked          - True if this entity is staked.
     * @param stake           - Actual amount of ether staked for this entity.
     * @param unstakeDelaySec - Minimum delay to withdraw the stake.
     * @param withdrawTime    - First block timestamp where 'withdrawStake' will be callable, or zero if already locked.
     * @dev Sizes were chosen so that deposit fits into one cell (used during handleOp)
     *      and the rest fit into a 2nd cell (used during stake/unstake)
     *      - 112 bit allows for 10^15 eth
     *      - 48 bit for full timestamp
     *      - 32 bit allows 150 years for unstake delay
     */
    struct DepositInfo {
        uint256 deposit;
        bool staked;
        uint112 stake;
        uint32 unstakeDelaySec;
        uint48 withdrawTime;
    }
    // API struct used by getStakeInfo and simulateValidation.
    struct StakeInfo {
        uint256 stake;
        uint256 unstakeDelaySec;
    }
    /**
     * Get deposit info.
     * @param account - The account to query.
     * @return info   - Full deposit information of given account.
     */
    function getDepositInfo(address account) external view returns (DepositInfo memory info);
    /**
     * Get account balance.
     * @param account - The account to query.
     * @return        - The deposit (for gas payment) of the account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
    /**
     * Add to the deposit of the given account.
     * @param account - The account to add to.
     */
    function depositTo(address account) external payable;
    /**
     * Add to the account's stake - amount and delay
     * any pending unstake is first cancelled.
     * @param _unstakeDelaySec - The new lock duration before the deposit can be withdrawn.
     */
    function addStake(uint32 _unstakeDelaySec) external payable;
    /**
     * Attempt to unlock the stake.
     * The value can be withdrawn (using withdrawStake) after the unstake delay.
     */
    function unlockStake() external;
    /**
     * Withdraw from the (unlocked) stake.
     * Must first call unlockStake and wait for the unstakeDelay to pass.
     * @param withdrawAddress - The address to send withdrawn value.
     */
    function withdrawStake(address payable withdrawAddress) external;
    /**
     * Withdraw from the deposit.
     * @param withdrawAddress - The address to send withdrawn value.
     * @param withdrawAmount  - The amount to withdraw.
     */
    function withdrawTo(address payable withdrawAddress, uint256 withdrawAmount) external;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
/**
 * User Operation struct
 * @param sender                - The sender account of this request.
 * @param nonce                 - Unique value the sender uses to verify it is not a replay.
 * @param initCode              - If set, the account contract will be created by this constructor/
 * @param callData              - The method call to execute on this account.
 * @param accountGasLimits      - Packed gas limits for validateUserOp and gas limit passed to the callData method call.
 * @param preVerificationGas    - Gas not calculated by the handleOps method, but added to the gas paid.
 *                                Covers batch overhead.
 * @param gasFees               - packed gas fields maxPriorityFeePerGas and maxFeePerGas - Same as EIP-1559 gas parameters.
 * @param paymasterAndData      - If set, this field holds the paymaster address, verification gas limit, postOp gas limit and paymaster-specific extra data
 *                                The paymaster will pay for the transaction instead of the sender.
 * @param signature             - Sender-verified signature over the entire request, the EntryPoint address and the chain ID.
 */
struct PackedUserOperation {
    address sender;
    uint256 nonce;
    bytes initCode;
    bytes callData;
    bytes32 accountGasLimits;
    uint256 preVerificationGas;
    bytes32 gasFees;
    bytes paymasterAndData;
    bytes signature;
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
pragma solidity 0.8.27;
import "./core/BasePaymaster.sol";
import "./core/UserOperationLib.sol";
import "./core/Helpers.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {MessageHashUtils} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/MessageHashUtils.sol";
import {SafeTransferLib} from "solady/utils/SafeTransferLib.sol";
// Paymaster for EPv0.7
contract Paymaster is BasePaymaster {
    using UserOperationLib for PackedUserOperation;
    event UserOperationSponsoredV7(bytes32 userOpHash, address sender, address token, uint256 amount);
    event TreasuryUpdated(address newTreasury);
    event SignerUpdated(address newSigner);
    error InvalidSignatureLength();
    error ZeroAddressTreasury();
    error ZeroAddressSigner();
    uint256 private constant VALID_UNTIL_OFFSET = PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET;
    uint256 private constant VALID_AFTER_OFFSET = VALID_UNTIL_OFFSET + 6; // uint48 = bytes6
    uint256 private constant TOKEN_OFFSET = VALID_AFTER_OFFSET + 6; // uint48 = bytes6
    uint256 private constant AMOUNT_OFFSET = TOKEN_OFFSET + 20; // address = bytes20
    uint256 private constant SIGNATURE_OFFSET = AMOUNT_OFFSET + 32; // uint256 = bytes32
    address public signer;
    address public treasury;
    constructor(IEntryPoint entryPoint, address verifyingSigner, address paymasterTreasury, address owner)
        BasePaymaster(entryPoint, owner)
    {
        signer = verifyingSigner;
        treasury = paymasterTreasury;
    }
    /**
     * return the hash we're going to sign off-chain (and validate on-chain)
     * this method is called by the off-chain service, to sign the request.
     * it is called on-chain from the validatePaymasterUserOp, to validate the signature.
     * note that this signature covers all fields of the UserOperation, except the "paymasterAndData",
     * which will carry the signature itself.
     */
    function getHash(
        PackedUserOperation calldata userOp,
        uint48 validUntil,
        uint48 validAfter,
        address token,
        uint256 amount
    ) public view returns (bytes32) {
        //can't use userOp.hash(), since it contains also the paymasterAndData itself.
        address sender = userOp.getSender();
        return keccak256(
            abi.encode(
                sender,
                userOp.nonce,
                keccak256(userOp.initCode),
                keccak256(userOp.callData),
                userOp.accountGasLimits,
                uint256(bytes32(userOp.paymasterAndData[PAYMASTER_VALIDATION_GAS_OFFSET:PAYMASTER_DATA_OFFSET])),
                userOp.preVerificationGas,
                userOp.gasFees,
                block.chainid,
                address(this),
                validUntil,
                validAfter,
                token,
                amount
            )
        );
    }
    /**
     * verify our external signer signed this request.
     * the "paymasterAndData" is expected to be the paymaster and a signature over the entire request params
     * paymasterAndData[:20] : address(this)
     * paymasterAndData[20:84] : abi.encode(validUntil, validAfter)
     * paymasterAndData[84:] : signature
     */
    function _validatePaymasterUserOp(PackedUserOperation calldata userOp, bytes32 userOpHash, uint256 requiredPreFund)
        internal
        view
        override
        returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData)
    {
        (requiredPreFund);
        (uint48 validUntil, uint48 validAfter, address token, uint256 amount, bytes calldata signature) =
            parsePaymasterAndData(userOp.paymasterAndData);
        //ECDSA library supports both 64 and 65-byte long signatures.
        // we only "require" it here so that the revert reason on invalid signature will be of "VerifyingPaymaster", and not "ECDSA"
        require(signature.length == 65, InvalidSignatureLength());
        bytes32 hash = MessageHashUtils.toEthSignedMessageHash(getHash(userOp, validUntil, validAfter, token, amount));
        //don't revert on signature failure: return SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED
        if (signer != ECDSA.recover(hash, signature)) {
            return ("", _packValidationData(true, validUntil, validAfter));
        }
        // no need for other on-chain validation: entire UserOp should have been checked
        // by the external service prior to signing it.
        return (
            _packTokenDataWithSender(userOpHash, userOp.sender, token, amount),
            _packValidationData(false, validUntil, validAfter)
        );
    }
    function _postOp(
        PostOpMode,
        bytes calldata context,
        uint256, /* actualGasCost */
        uint256 /* actualUserOpFeePerGas */
    ) internal override {
        (bytes32 userOpHash, address sender, address token, uint256 amount) =
            abi.decode(context, (bytes32, address, address, uint256));
        SafeTransferLib.safeTransferFrom(token, sender, treasury, amount);
        emit UserOperationSponsoredV7(userOpHash, sender, token, amount);
    }
    function parsePaymasterAndData(bytes calldata paymasterAndData)
        public
        pure
        returns (uint48 validUntil, uint48 validAfter, address token, uint256 amount, bytes calldata signature)
    {
        validUntil = uint48(bytes6(paymasterAndData[VALID_UNTIL_OFFSET:VALID_AFTER_OFFSET]));
        validAfter = uint48(bytes6(paymasterAndData[VALID_AFTER_OFFSET:TOKEN_OFFSET]));
        token = address(bytes20(paymasterAndData[TOKEN_OFFSET:AMOUNT_OFFSET]));
        amount = uint256(bytes32(paymasterAndData[AMOUNT_OFFSET:SIGNATURE_OFFSET]));
        signature = paymasterAndData[SIGNATURE_OFFSET:];
    }
    function updateTreasury(address newTreasury) external onlyOwner {
        if (newTreasury == address(0)) revert ZeroAddressTreasury();
        treasury = newTreasury;
        emit TreasuryUpdated(newTreasury);
    }
    function updateSigner(address newSigner) external onlyOwner {
        if (newSigner == address(0)) revert ZeroAddressSigner();
        signer = newSigner;
        emit SignerUpdated(newSigner);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
 * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;
    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
     */
    error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);
    /**
     * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
     */
    error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);
    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor(address initialOwner) {
        if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
        }
    }
    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Ownable} from "./Ownable.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * This extension of the {Ownable} contract includes a two-step mechanism to transfer
 * ownership, where the new owner must call {acceptOwnership} in order to replace the
 * old one. This can help prevent common mistakes, such as transfers of ownership to
 * incorrect accounts, or to contracts that are unable to interact with the
 * permission system.
 *
 * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
    address private _pendingOwner;
    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _pendingOwner;
    }
    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * Setting `newOwner` to the zero address is allowed; this can be used to cancel an initiated ownership transfer.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        _pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        delete _pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }
    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
        }
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }
    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
pragma solidity 0.8.28;
import {Ownable2Step, Ownable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol";
/**
 * @title BizGuard - Guard contract for Biz.
 * @dev Most important concepts:
 *      - BizGuard maintains the nonce of all Biz for signature validation.
 *      - BizGuard is an ownable smart contract with 4337 flag to enable/disable ERC-4337 of Biz.
 * @author David Kim - @PowerStream3604
 */
contract BizGuard is Ownable2Step {
    event FlagSet(bool flag);
    mapping(address => uint256) public accountNonce;
    bool erc4337Flag;
    /**
     * @notice constructor
     * @dev Sets the initial owner of the account.
     * @param owner address.
     */
    constructor(address owner) Ownable(owner) {}
    /**
     * @notice Increment nonce of the msg.sender.
     * @dev Nonce can only increment and not decrement.
     * @return nonce uint256 nonce of the msg.sender.
     */
    function incrementNonce() external returns (uint256 nonce) {
        nonce = accountNonce[msg.sender];
        unchecked {
            ++accountNonce[msg.sender];
        }
    }
    /**
     * @notice Return if the 4337 flag is enabled.
     * @dev This view function is called by validateUserOp() in all Biz wallet.
     * @return isEnabled bool flag whether 4337 is enabled.
     */
    function is4337Enabled() external view returns (bool isEnabled) {
        isEnabled = erc4337Flag;
    }
    /**
     * @notice Set function to set 4337 Flag.
     * @dev This function can only be called by the owner.
     * @param flag bool value of the flag.
     */
    function set4337Flag(bool flag) external onlyOwner {
        erc4337Flag = flag;
        emit FlagSet(flag);
    }
}